The invention discloses a
transformer substation equipment defect image recognition method based on a yo11 structure improved neural network. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, constructing and preprocessing a
transformer substation defect image
data set; 2, improving the structural design of the YOLO11 neural network; 3, model training based on an ATSS dynamic
label distribution strategy; 4, model reasoning and defect identification; 5, performing model performance
verification and iterative optimization; according to the method, the ARConv captures multi-direction defect features, the GAM focuses on
small sample defects, the AFPN optimizes
feature fusion, after improvement, the overall mAP50 is improved, and the
recall rate of key defects such as meter damage and insulator damage is improved; the calculation amount is reduced by simsppf, the parameter amount is saved by AFPN, although the reasoning speed is slightly reduced, the
model parameters are increased, and the edge calculation capability of the unmanned aerial vehicle / inspection
robot is adapted; aTSS dynamic
label distribution adapts to similar defect form differences, data enhancement covers multiple illumination / view angles, and the generalization ability of the
transformer substation in a complex environment is improved.