46 results about "Plastid Genomes" patented technology

This invention provides a novel method to confer disease resistance to plants. Plant plastids are transformed using a plastid vector which contains heterologous DNA sequences coding for a cytotoxic antimicrobial peptide. Transgenic plants are capable of fighting off phytopathogenic bacterial infection.

A process of generating transgenic plants or plant cells transformed on their plastome and being devoid of a selection marker, comprising the following steps: (a) transforming plastids of a plant or plant cell with a DNA comprising: (i) a nucleotide sequence conferring replication of said DNA in a plant cell, (ii) at least one sequence of interest, (iii) sequences flanking said at least one sequence of interest necessary for stable integration of said at least one sequence of interest into the plastid genome, and (iv) a selection marker outside of said sequences flanking said sequence(s) of interest; (b) allowing integration of said at least one sequence of interest into the plastome in the presence of selective pressure; (c) allowing loss of said selection marker sequence by releasing selective pressure; and (d) recovering cells and / or plants being genetically transformed on their plastomes and being devoid of said selection marker.

The instant disclosure describes the application of genetic engineering techniques to produce cellulase in plants. Cellulase coding sequences operably linked to promoters active in plants may be transformed into the nuclear genome and / or the plastid genome of a plant. As cellulases may be toxic to plants, chemically-inducible or wound-inducible promoters may be employed. Additionally, the expressed cellulases may be targeted to vacuoles or other cellular organelles.

The instant disclosure describes the application of genetic engineering techniques to produce cellulase in plants. Cellulase coding sequences operably linked to promoters active in plants may be transformed into the nuclear genome and / or the plastid genome of a plant. As cellulases may be toxic to plants, chemically-inducible or wound-inducible promoters may be employed. Additionally, the expressed cellulases may be targeted to vacuoles or other cellular organelles.

A plastid transformation vector for stably transforming a plastid genome, comprising, as operably-linked components, a first flanking sequence, at least one DNA sequence coding for a polypeptide suitable for remediating a contaminant compound, and a second flanking sequence, wherein a plant is stably transformed with the plastid transformation vector, and the plant is capable of phytoremediating a contaminant compound.

The invention relates to a method for detecting activity of a chloroplast promoter on the basis of a tetracycline regulation system, belonging to the technical field of plant plastogene engineering research. The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the tetracycline gene and tetracycline specific recognition sequence core control region, biosynthesizing a prrnO1O2 promoter with the tetracycline core control region, verifying the activity of the promoter in prokaryotic cells, and carrying out GFP (green fluorescent protein) gene expression under the driving action of the promoter; establishing a tetracycline-induced expression vector, and screening out the tetracycline suitable for bacterium growth, of which the maximum concentration is 5 mu g / ml; and finally, establishing the GFP expression vector under the tetracycline regulation system, wherein the function of the prrnO1O2 promoter is inhibited when the tetracycline is not added, and the GFP gene expresses green fluorescent proteins after the tetracycline is added. The tetracycline regulation system is utilized to control the activity of the chloroplast promoter, thereby avoiding the regulation interference of the nuclear genome on the plastome, and providing an effective method and way for further plastogene engineering breeding.

The invention relates to a method for the production of plants with suppressed photorespiration and improved CO2 fixation. In particular, the invention relates to a re-use of phosphoglycolate produced in photorespiration. The reaction product is converted to a component that may be reintegrated into the plant assimilatory metabolism inside the chloroplast. This is accomplished by the transfer of genes derived from glycolate-utilizing pathways from bacteria, algae, plants and / or animals including humans into the plant nuclear and / or plastidial genome. The methods of the invention lead to reduced photorespiration in C3 plants and, therefore, are of great benefit for food production, especially but not exclusively under non-favourable growth conditions.

The present invention is directed to Gene Positioning technology for biosynthesis of one or more products of interest via plastid transformation of plants or algae, such as for example tobacco, Lemna, Rhodomonas and Cryptomonas, with pseudogene vectors containing polynucleotides encoding one or more products of interest. The present invention is also directed to transgenic plants or algae, containing pseudogene vectors integrated into a desired locus in the plastid genome, allowing simultaneous expression of multiple transgenes.

A site-specific recombination system and methods of use thereof are disclosed for manipulating the plastid genome of higher plants.

The present invention discloses transgenic monocot plants in which the plastid genome has been genetically engineered. The bioconfined genetically engineered monocot crops have transgene-free pollen grains which eliminate or dramatically reduce transgene flow. The present invention discloses plastid transgenesis technology having the additional advantages of the absence of gene silencing and position effect variation, the ability to express polycistronic messages from a single promoter, integration via a homologous recombination process that facilitates targeted gene replacement and precise transgene control, and sequestration of foreign proteins in the organelle which prevents adverse interaction with the cytoplasmic environment.

The invention discloses a method and special culture medium for efficiently separating, converting and regenerating a potato protoplast. The method comprises the steps of carrying out induction and three-time subculture on a starting material, namely a stem segment of a potato test-tube seedling to obtain an embryogenic callus vigorous in growth and loosened in structure, and carrying out suspension culture; slaking potato suspension cells by using cellulases, pectases and macerases; and separating a protoplast by using a density gradient sedimentation method to obtain a high-purity protoplast. A target gene is introduced to a potato protoplast genome through polyethylene glycol mediation, and liquid shallow culture and subsequent differentiation regeneration are performed, so that a great number of transgenic plants of potatoes are cultured.

A process for producing multicellular plants, plant organs or plant tissues transformed on their plastome by the following steps is provided: (a) altering or disrupting the function of a gene in a plastid genome for producing a selectable or recognizable phenotype; (b) separating or selecting plants or cells having plastids expressing said phenotype; (c) transforming said plastid genome of said separated or selected plant, plant organ or plant tissue with at least one transformation vector having a restoring sequence capable of restoring said function; and (d) separating or selecting said transformed plant, plant organ or plant tissue having plastids expressing said restored function.

A plastid transformation vector for a stably transforming a plastid genome, comprising, as operably-linked components, a first flanking sequence, a DNA sequence coding for synthetic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1s) (seek ID NO. 1) or a substantially homologous DNA sequence of IGF-1s, which is capable of expression in the plastid genome, and a second flanking sequence.

Disclosed is a method of making a malaria vaccine, the method comprising stably transforming a plant by inserting into its plastid genome a nucleic acid sequence encoding and operable to constitutively express a malaria antigenic polypeptide selected from AMA-1, MSP-1 or both; harvesting the stably transformed plant in whole or in part; purifying the expressed malaria antigenic polypeptide from the harvested plant; and packaging the purified antigenic polypeptide under sterile conditions in an amount for a predetermined dosage. Also disclosed is an oral vaccine effective in raising malaria antibodies in a susceptible host, the vaccine comprising leaf material from an edible plant containing plastids stably transformed to constitutively express a fusion polypeptide consisting essentially of cholera toxin B subunit and a malaria antigenic polypeptide selected from AMA-1, MSP-1 or both.

The invention discloses a construction method of porphyra yezoensis plastid genetic transformation vector, which comprises the steps of building skeleton vector containing rrsB-trnI-trnA-rrsL homologous recombination segments, building porphyra yezoensis plastid expression vector containing antibiotic screening gene expression cassettes, and building porphyra yezoensis plastid genome targeted integration expressed vector. The method adopts the thought of plastid genetic transformation, and provides a vector basis for plastid genetic transformation, so as to realize the advantages that the expression efficiency of plastid genetic transformation foreign gene is high, gene from pronucleus is not required to be modified, the safety is good, clon is easy to keep, and posterity is not separated.

The present invention relates to a method for the transformation of plastid genomes of plant species, in particular Asteraceae plant species, comprising the steps of providing a transformation vector carrying a DNA sequence of interest; subjecting a plant material, which comprises plastids, to a transformation treatment in order to allow the plastids to receive the transformation vector; placing the thus treated plant material for a period of time into contact with a culture medium without selection agent; subsequently placing the plant material into contact with a culture medium comprising a selection agent; and refreshing the culture medium comprising a selection agent to allow plant material comprising plastids that have acquired the DNA of interest to grow into transformants.

Disclosed is a method of making a malaria vaccine, the method comprising stably transforming a plant by inserting into its plastid genome a nucleic acid sequence encoding and operable to constitutively express a malaria antigenic polypeptide selected from AMA-1, MSP-1 or both; harvesting the stably transformed plant in whole or in part; purifying the expressed malaria antigenic polypeptide from the harvested plant; and packaging the purified antigenic polypeptide under sterile conditions in an amount for a predetermined dosage. Also disclosed is an oral vaccine effective in raising malaria antibodies in a susceptible host, the vaccine comprising leaf material from an edible plant containing plastids stably transformed to constitutively express a fusion polypeptide consisting essentially of cholera toxin B subunit and a malaria antigenic polypeptide selected from AMA-1, MSP-1 or both.

Compositions and methods for introducing heterologous sequences encoding a gene of interest into the plastid genome which do not rely on homologous recombination are disclosed.

The invention discloses molecular markers for identifying five alpinia plants and application of the molecular markers, and belongs to the technical field of plant molecular identification. The molecular markers and primers designed based on the molecular markers can effectively identify and distinguish fructus galangae, alpinia hainanensis, alpinia black fruit, galangal and alpinia oxyphylla, and are beneficial to alpinia species classification, plastid genome evolution research and medicinal product discrimination derived from alpinia species.

The invention provides novel methods and compositions for transfer of nuclear and / or plastomic genomes, or portions thereof, or cytoplasmic component(s) and / or genetic material, between plant cells. Methods for production of a wounded mixed cell culture, or mixing two or more cell cultures after wounding, and transfer of genetic and / or cytoplasmic component(s), such as transfer of nuclear and / or plastid gene(s) or mutations, edits or alleles, between cells of the mixed culture, are also provided. Wounded mixed cell cultures produced by such methods, and resulting cells and regenerated plants, plant parts, and progeny plants are further provided. Molecular and genetic analyses, and screenable and selection markers, are also provided to confirm transfer and presence of cytoplasmic and / or nuclear component(s) and / or gene(s), mutation(s) or allele(s) in cells and plants produced by these methods.

The invention discloses a protoplast isolation and genetic transformation method of Brassica napus without restriction of genotype and a regeneration system thereof, and provides a method for transforming exogenous nucleic acid molecules by using Brassica napus protoplasts. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) preparing protoplasts by enzymolysis of Brassica napus leaves; 2) transferring the exogenous nucleic acid molecules into the protoplasts to obtain the protoplasts with the transferred exogenous nucleic acid molecules; and dividing and culturing the protoplasts with the transferred exogenous nucleic acid molecules in a C: B culture medium to obtain cell clusters formed by division of the protoplasts. According to the invention, a sterile seedling of the Brassica napus is used as a raw material, the mesophyll tissue of the Brassica napus is digested by cellulase R-10 and macerozyme R-10, the protoplasts are isolated by using a density gradient sedimentation method to obtain the high-purity protoplasts. The target gene is introduced into the genome of the Brassica napus protoplasts through the mediation of polyethylene glycol, and a large number of Brassica napus transgenic plants are cultured through shallow liquid culture and subsequent differentiation and regeneration.

Disclosed herein are methods of achieving male sterility in plants. Specifically exemplified herein is the transformation of the plastid genome with a vector expressing the phaA gene. Expression of the phaA gene in plastids results in plants that do not exhibit pleiotropic effects with the exception of male sterility. Also disclosed are stably transformed plants and cells, as well as example vectors for expressing the phaA gene in plastids.

Compositions and methods for manipulating the plastid genome of higher plants are provided.