The invention discloses an urban rail transit passenger flow control optimization method based on a fluid queuing network, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, building an urban rail transit passenger flow control optimization model based on the fluid queuing networkm, including: S11, obtaining passenger travel OD data and subway line parameters; s12, constructing an urban rail transit fluid queuing network model; s13, determining a passenger flow control decision variable; s14, determining passenger flow control constraint conditions; s15, constructing an optimization objective function; S2, solving the optimization model, including: S21, calculating a population individual objective function; s22, judging whether the individual fitness meets a termination condition or not; if yes, ending; otherwise, performing the next step; and S23, performing selection, crossover and variation processing. On the basis of an urban rail transit passenger flow control scheme, a passenger flow control optimization model is established in combination with a fluid queuing network model, and the possibility of platform queuing overflow and queuing explosion is reduced.