35 results about "RAILWAY ACCIDENTS" patented technology

An apparatus that prevents motorists from crossing railroad tracks, when the warning gates are down during approaching of a train consists, of a plurality of tire-piercing cogs which are retracted from the ground when the railroad crossing gate is closed. The cogs are arranged across the entire width of the automobile road in order to prevent a motorist from going around the closed gate through the oncoming traffic lane. The piercing cogs are interlocked with a warning visual and / or sound signal which is activated if the vehicle went onto the railroad tracks and stuck on the rails after smashing the closed road gate arm. The cog drive mechanism is located below the ground level, and when the gate is open for normal traffic through the railroad crossing, the cogs are turned into position in which their back surfaces are arranged in flush with the ground level for smooth passage of the vehicles. The power station of the cog drive mechanism is located in a small pit between the lanes of the opposite-direction traffic.

The invention provides steel for a freight train connecting piece and a preparation method thereof. The steel for the freight train connecting piece comprises the following chemical ingredients in percentage by mass: 0.24-0.28 percent of C, 0.20-0.40 percent of Si, 1.20-1.50 percent of Mn, 0.50-0.65 percent of Cr, 0.45-0.65 percent of Ni, 0.20-0.30 percent of Mo, 0.03-0.05 percent of Ti, 0.025-0.040 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 15 ppm of O, less than or equal to 1.5 ppm of H and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. According to the invention, as the steel for the freight train is adopted, the mechanical properties of strength, low-temperature impact performance, fatigue life and the like of the connecting piece can be improved, so that the development of railway vehicles towards the high-speed heavy-load direction can be improved, and railway accidents caused by the connecting piece are reduced or avoided.

The invention discloses a measurement monitoring device and method for the inclined angles of a pantograph and a carbon slider. The device comprises the pantograph, the carbon slider, and further comprises a coupler, an angle transducer, a processing module, a communication interface, a central processing unit, a stepping motor and a steel wire rope, which are connected sequentially, as well as a carbon slider rotating shaft. According to the invention, the angle transducer is connected with the pantograph and the carbon slider through the coupler, so that the angle transducer and the pantograph rotate simultaneously, and the more accurate angle is measured; meanwhile, according to the inclined angle of the pantograph, the wear condition of the carbon slider can be judged, the pantograph can be detected and replaced timely, and the pantograph scraping can be avoided; in addition, since the stepping motor is arranged, the inclined angle of the inclined angle can be adjusted properly, therefore, the service life of the carbon slider is prolonged, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, railway accidents can be prevented effectively.

The subvacuum high speed train system has sealed tunnels set between stations and maintained in subvacuum state below 50 KPa to reduce resistance to the train and noise. The system includes closed tunnels, intermittently set vacuum pumps, train jackets on ends of tunnels, pressure maintaining doors, and tracks. The present invention has greatly reduced power consumption for pulling train, raised train speed, reduced noise, reduced environment friendly and reduced railway accidents. The present invention is suitable for electric locomotive system and magnetic suspension train system.

The invention discloses a railway emergency auxiliary rescue three-dimensional virtual electronic sand table system, which is used for assisting a railway accident emergency rescue department to quickly make an effective railway accident emergency rescue decision plan. The railway emergency auxiliary rescue three-dimensional virtual electronic sand table system consists of an image collecting module, an image identifying module, a three-dimensional model coupling module, a three-dimensional scene visualizing module and a mechanism kinematics simulating module. The railway emergency auxiliary rescue three-dimensional virtual electronic sand table system has the advantages that the three-dimensional scene of the train accident site is quickly reconstructed by the three-dimensional visualizing simulating module, so as to show a visual train accident three-dimensional scene sand table model, further construct various mechanism kinematics simulating modules to simulate the train accident emergency rescue, and provide the reference for the making of the train emergency accident rescue plan.

A low-pressure fuel management and delivery system 10 for a liquefied natural gas (LNG) rail tender is disclosed. The system provides a rail tender that is inherently safer in operation to known LNG rail tenders through its use of a double-hulled tank design 12, which lacks any penetration of the bottom surface of the first inner tank 16 by any portion of the fuel supply portion of the system 10; the lower pressure storage of the fuel 22 in the first inner tank 16; the inclusion of a gas return line 58 for directing fuel 22 trapped in the LNG flow lines 38, the heat exchanger 46, or the multistage gas compressor 52 to the vapor space 32 of the first inner tank 16 at safe pressures and temperatures; the lack of cryogenic pumps within the first inner tank 16 to drive the fuel supply portion of the system 10; and the location of all the flow controlling valves 40, 42, 50, and 56 in positions that afford them improved physical protection from potential damage due to vehicular collisions or other railroad accidents. During operation, the fuel management and delivery system 10 provides required fuel flow rates and temperatures to an associated locomotive through the use of hydrostatic pressure differences between the LNG fuel 22 and the vapor space 32 within first inner tank 16, as well as a heat exchanger 46 and a multi-stage compressor 52, which are preferably located external of the double-hulled fuel storage tank 12, but on the same rolling stock chassis 14.

The invention discloses a vision-measurement-based auxiliary synchronous and coordinated control method for railway rescue double-crane lifting recovery. The vision-measurement-based auxiliary synchronous and coordinated control method is used for assisting double-crane lifting recovery synchronization for railway accident emergency rescue. Synchronous terminals, a vision measurement terminal and a background server are adopted, spatial three-dimensional coordinate data information of an object in an accident site is obtained in real time through vision measurement, and the background server is used for processing, calculating and solving data information so as to make a real-time lifting recovery scheme, so that guidance is provided for crane operators when borne loads are not uniform during coordinated lifting recovery of two cranes.

The embodiment of the invention provides a railway accident fault correlation and accident fault reason analysis method and system. The method comprises the steps of constructing a railway accident fault knowledge graph; based on the railway accident fault knowledge graph, performing name normalization on all accident fault names and all accident fault reasons, and then performing unified coding to obtain an accident fault and reason number table; inputting the accident fault and reason number table into a collaborative filtering analysis model to generate a reason similarity matrix; based onthe reason similarity matrix, obtaining the most possible accident fault reason recommendation corresponding to each accident fault name; inputting the accident fault and reason number table into a collaborative filtering analysis model to generate an accident fault similarity matrix; and based on the accident fault similarity matrix, obtaining an accident fault set caused by each accident fault reason. According to the embodiment of the invention, by fusing the knowledge graph and the recommendation algorithm, the accuracy of accident fault association and reason analysis is improved, and theguarantee of railway safety operation is enhanced.

The invention relates to a system for monitoring potential geological disasters such as dangerous rock slide, mountain landslide and the like at two sides of a railway based on a wireless sensor network system, and the system provided by the invention comprises sensor detecting devices, a solar battery, a data acquisition processing and radio frequency transceiver, relay nodes, a gateway and a background processing system which are embedded at the two sides of the railway, wherein the geological information at the two sides of the railway is obtained through the sensor detecting devices; the information data is transmitted to the adjacent nodes through the radio frequency transceiver with the frequency range of 2.4GHz and finally transferred to a monitoring center through GPRS (Global Packet Radio Service); and after processing the data, the monitoring center informs a train of the condition of whether a disaster occurs or not through the GPRS, thereby effectively preventing railway accidents from occurring.

The invention provides an early warning processing device and a method for train ground temporary information. The device comprises a main control circuit, a speed measuring circuit, a ground temporary information reading circuit, a speech reminding circuit, a train control circuit, a power supply circuit, a clock circuit and a storage circuit, wherein the main control circuit is connected with the speed measuring circuit, the ground temporary information reading circuit, the speech reminding circuit and the train control circuit respectively; the ground temporary information reading circuit comprises a radio frequency card, an RFID reader and a photoelectric coupling pipe; and one end of the photoelectric coupling pipe is connected with the RFID reader, while the other end is connected with the main control circuit. The device adopts RFID technology, and guarantees the accuracy and safety of data reading. The device has the advantages of stable circuit performance, strong practicability and high cost-performance ratio. The method is simple and scientific, plays a great role in actual application, effectively protects the safety of trains and people property, and avoids nicious railway accidents.

The invention discloses portable quick dismantling equipment which comprises a manual hydraulic pump, a pair of shearing pliers, a dilator and a support device. The shearing pliers, the dilator and the support device adopt hydraulic drive and are connected with the manual hydraulic pump through quick change connectors respectively. The portable quick dismantling equipment only depends on human power, is light in weight and convenient to carry and operate. The shearing pliers, the dilator and the support device can be used alternately in the sites of vehicle and railway accidents, air crash, building collapse caused by the geological disaster and beach rescue to save people quickly, so that the portable quick dismantling equipment is a desired tool for public security, fire fighting and mine emergency rescue.

The invention discloses a channel assignment method and a channel assignment apparatus. The channel assignment method comprises the following steps that: a network side measures the reception level and moving speed of a train mobile station and calculates frequency shift information of the train mobile station; the network side judges whether the train mobile station enters a current service cell or leaves the service cell according to the frequency shift information; and the network side assigns a channel corresponding to the service cell to the train mobile station according to the reception level, the moving speed and judgment results of the running of the rain mobile station. With the channel assignment method and the channel assignment apparatus of the invention adopted, the problems of proneness to calling failure at the edge of the cell in a high-speed train running scene can be solved, and therefore, the probability of occurrence of railway accidents can be decreased, and network performance indexes can be improved, the perception of users can be increased; and strict requirements of railways for network reliability can be satisfied.

The invention provides a railway accident cause analysis method based on word extension LDA, and relates to the technical field of railway train operation safety analysis, and the method comprises thesteps: extracting an accident cause related theme and a theme word through employing a word extension LDA model based on the text content of a railway accident report; classifying the theme feature items according to a human factor and system classification method HFACS to form an improved HFACS-RAs model; performing text classification on the accident report by utilizing an SVM, and determiningan accident cause data set; optimizing bayesian network structure by combining chi-square test with unconstrained 0 / 1 optimization; estimating a CPT parameter of the Bayesian network by using a Logistic regression model; and determining an accident cause analysis model based on the improved Bayesian network, and calculating to obtain a key cause causing an accident result. Accident cause feature extraction is completed based on the word expansion LDA model, factors causing railway accidents and the influence degree of the factors on accident consequences are determined, understanding of the accident process is deepened, and measures are taken to prevent similar accidents from happening again.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lamps, and in particular relates to a patrolling lamp. The patrolling lamp comprises a shell, a lamp cap assembly, a power assembly and a lifting assembly, wherein the power assembly is mounted in the shell, the power assembly and the lamp cap assembly are electrically connected, the lifting assembly comprises a first end and a second end, the firstend of the lifting assembly is connected with the shell in a reversible manner, and the second end of the lifting assembly is rotatably connected with the lamp cap assembly and is used for driving thelamp cap assembly to rise and fall. During railway accident disposal, the shell can be temporarily fixed on a railway or the ground, then the lifting assembly is unfolded to elevate the lamp cap assembly, the lamp cap assembly is then fixed in a plane with certain height, the illuminating effect of the lamp cap assembly is good, and the use demands for railway accident disposal can be completelysatisfied; and in addition, after railway accident disposal, the lifting assembly is folded, so that the whole patrolling lamp is small in size, and the portability is good.

The invention provides a railway operation risk control method based on an accident cause network. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a risk cause-effect pair and a risk accident cause-effect pair, constructing a railway accident cause-effect network based on the risk cause-effect pair and the risk accident cause-effect pair, and determining the weight of a connection edge betweennodes in railway accident cause-effect network nodes; calculating the shortest cause path between the risk node and the accident node in the railway accident cause network according to the weight ofthe connection edge between the nodes in the railway accident cause network; and constructing a railway operation risk control model according to the shortest cause path between the risk nodes and theaccident nodes in the railway accident cause network, and solving the railway operation risk control model to obtain the risk nodes or risk factors needing to be eliminated in the railway accident cause network. Key risk factors needing to be removed can be selected according to the help of a risk management and control department, so that a risk management and control scheme is formulated, and railway operation accidents are prevented.

The present invention provides a multi-attribute railway accident cause weight analysis method, including: based on the railway accident cause classification CREAM-RAs model, decomposing and encoding all railway accident reports, and establishing a multi-attribute railway accident data set MARA-D ;Based on the self-organizing map algorithm SOM and K-Means integrated clustering method for railway accidents, MARA-D is clustered and analyzed to obtain different accident clusters; according to the association rule algorithm AL-Apriori of railway accident levels, different According to the association rule analysis of the accident clusters, the strong association rules between the causes of different accident clusters are obtained; based on the strong association rules and the decision laboratory analysis method DEMATEL, the comprehensive weight of the cause is obtained, and then according to the comprehensive weight of the cause Sort by weight. This method can find out the key causes of railway accidents, and provide reference for further improving the safety level of railways.

The invention relates to a railway accident-preventing intelligent system and belongs to the technical field of railway construction and traffic control. The railway accident-preventing device is formed by designing an infrared detection system, a vibration detection system, a conveying system, a camera-shooting collection system, a power supply system and a control system. Through conveying beltsarranged between sleepers in a lifting mode, when an infrared sensor and a camera detect the situation that pedestrians or objects exist on the rail faces, the conveying belts automatically rise to convey the pedestrians or the objects to safety airbag devices arranged on the outer sides of rails; and when a vibration sensor and the camera detect the situation that a train is about to arrive, theconveying belts automatically fall to enable the train to pass normally, and accordingly the safety of traveling of the train and the safety of the pedestrians on the rails are guaranteed. The railway accident-preventing intelligent system is simple in structural design; electric energy of the railway accident-preventing intelligent system is provided by solar energy and wind power, so that energy sources are saved, and the intelligent and environmental-protection effects are achieved; and the pedestrians and the objects on the rails are safely transferred through the design of the conveyingbelts, and a great solving method is provided for the traffic safety problem in the traveling process of the rail train.

The invention discloses a railway transportation safety evaluation method and device and computer equipment. The method comprises the steps: obtaining the railway accident information of all railway accidents of a target operation road section in a preset time, and enabling the railway accident information to comprise the accident level, the casualty number, the personnel damage degree, the accident responsibility and the train walking kilometers; determining a railway train operation accident index according to the railway accident information; and obtaining an evaluation result of the railway transportation safety according to the railway traffic accident index. According to the invention, the method gives full consideration to the number and grade of railway traffic accidents, the casualties, the responsibility judgment of the traffic accidents and other factors, achieves the more comprehensive evaluation of the railway traffic accidents, achieves the more comprehensive evaluation of the railway transportation safety, and is higher in accuracy.

The invention discloses a channel assignment method and device. Among them, the method includes: the network side measures the reception level and moving speed of the train mobile station, and calculates the frequency offset information of the train mobile station; the network side uses the frequency offset information to determine whether the train mobile station enters the current serving cell or leaves the current service area. Serving cell: The network side assigns the channel of the corresponding serving cell to the above-mentioned train mobile station based on the above-mentioned reception level, the above-mentioned moving speed and the judgment result of the operation of the train mobile station. Through the present invention, the problem of easy failure of call origination at the edge of a cell in the high-speed train operation scenario in the related art is solved, thereby reducing the probability of railway accidents, improving network performance indicators, improving user perception, and further ensuring the reliability of the railway network. Strict sexual requirements.

The invention discloses a guide beam walking type bridge detection and rescue work vehicle which is composed of a guide beam, a motor vehicle, a detection vehicle and a rescue vehicle. The guide beam walking type bridge detection and rescue work vehicle works under bridges. The detection vehicle and the rescue vehicle are respectively of a multi-level truss structure, and can be contracted and rotationally folded under the action of a hydrocylinder, and a lifting device is arranged inside the truss of the rescue vehicle. The detection vehicle and the rescue vehicle on the guide beam are completely contracted and folded when passing through a bridge pier, and the maximum cross sectional dimension of the detection vehicle and the rescue vehicle is within 1.1m*1.1m. On the working condition of bridge detection, the rescue vehicle is completely contracted and folded, the detection vehicle is partly unfolded, and a work platform used for bridge detection is provided. On the working condition of rescue, the detection vehicle and the rescue vehicle are completely unfolded, a door frame structure is connected to the two sides of the bridge pier in an overlapped mode, and at the moment, a winch on the rescue vehicle is located in the middle of the door frame and can conduct lifting rescue operation. The guide beam walking type bridge detection and rescue work vehicle has the functions of loading, bridge detection and lifting rescue, automatically provides power, has the capability of passing through the bridge pier, is wide in detection range, can be applied to daily maintenance work of the bridge conveniently and effectively, and can also be used as a device for railway accident emergency rescue.

The invention discloses a switch machine state monitoring device, a monitoring system and a monitoring method. The switch machine status monitoring device includes: an information collection module, which is used to collect component status information of the switch machine; the component status information of the switch machine includes action lever status information, display lever status information, and locking device status information. At least one of information, contact seat state information, bearing seat state information, and electrical circuit state information; an information processing module, the information processing module is electrically connected to the information collection module, and is used to connect the components of the switch machine The status information is processed and sent to the terminal to instruct the terminal to determine the working status of the switch machine. The switch machine state monitoring device, monitoring system and monitoring method provided by the present invention can monitor the components in the switch machine, such as the action lever, the display lever and the electrical circuit, so as to prevent the components of the switch machine from malfunctioning and ensure the safety of the switch machine. Normal work, reduce the probability of railway accidents.

The invention relates to the technical field of railway emergency communication, and discloses a railway emergency communication system and method based on 5G communication. The system comprises a railway real-time monitoring module, a railway information acquisition module, a main control module, an accident information acquisition module, an accident positioning module, an emergency scheme acquisition module, a calling module, a scheduling module, an early warning module, an emergency simulation module, a data storage module, a 5G communication module and a display module. Through the emergency scheme acquisition module, the problem that in the prior art, when a railway accident occurs, the scientificity of an emergency scheme formulated by a safety principal in a place where the railwayaccident is located is limited by the experience of the safety principal is avoided; meanwhile, the early warning information of the railway network is obtained more visually through the early warning module, and guidance is provided for subsequent targeted disaster relief and emergency rescue; accurate early warning of the operation safety of the railway network is realized, and the operation safety of the railway network is ensured.

The invention provides an inverter malfunction stop system. In a past railway accident, a malfunctioning logic unit of an inverter could not receive acceleration commands, according to which the logic unit maintained the previously received acceleration command and the inverter maintained acceleration while the train is attempting to decelerate, which lead to an accident since it was impossible to obtain the desired deceleration. In order to overcome this problem, the reliability of the inverter logic unit must be improved. The present invention provides an inverter monitoring apparatus independently from an inverter, and when malfunction of the inverter is detected, a high-speed circuit breaker or the like is activated to disconnect a main circuit and the operation of the inverter is stopped forcibly, or a logic unit of the inverter is reset, for example, so as to prevent dangers caused by the malfunction of the inverter.

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway intelligent safety, and relates to a railway accident root cause identification system and method based on unstructured data, and the system comprises a state monitoring subsystem, a data storage module, a data processing calculation module, a decision support module and a man-machine interaction module. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a first part dictionary Dic1; establishing a sentence network; establishing a word net; calculating comprehensive characteristic values of the nodes to form a second part dictionary Dic2; collecting basic information of the train as a stop word table ST1; establishing a stop word list ST2 by using an Apriori algorithm; obtaining a dictionary ND = Dic1 + Dic2-ST; using a dictionary ND to match root cause nouns; and obtaining a railway accident root cause text. The method has the advantages that a network method is adopted, all unnecessary details are deleted, and the data visualization effect is good; the recognition system does not need specific language knowledge and has portability; and the method is easy to implement, low in cost and wide in application range.

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator, and belongs to the technical field of G-series high-speed train rescue equipment. The vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a lifting cage, a power unit, a top segment, a turnover mechanism, a base segment, one or more standard segments, a pallet car and a crane. The power unit and the lifting cage are connected into a whole. The lifting cage is installed on the base segment, and a pinion of the power unit is engaged with a rack on the side face of the base segment to form a gear and rack pair. In the installation state, the standard segments and the top segment are moved to a set area under the effect of the pallet car and then are sequentially hoisted to the top of the base segment through the crane. The base segment, the standard segments and the top segment can be in butt joint in sequence to form a vertical channel, and racks of the base segment, the standard segments and the top segment are in butt joint to form a long rack engaged with the pinion of the power unit. By adoption of the vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator, personnel canbe vertically transferred to the ground efficiently, conveniently and comfortably from a bridge floor in aerial railway accidents, and the vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator is mainlysuitable for aerial railways with the bridge floor heights being within 20m.

The invention provides steel for a freight train connecting piece and a preparation method thereof. The steel for the freight train connecting piece comprises the following chemical ingredients in percentage by mass: 0.24-0.28 percent of C, 0.20-0.40 percent of Si, 1.20-1.50 percent of Mn, 0.50-0.65 percent of Cr, 0.45-0.65 percent of Ni, 0.20-0.30 percent of Mo, 0.03-0.05 percent of Ti, 0.025-0.040 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 15 ppm of O, less than or equal to 1.5 ppm of H and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. According to the invention, as the steel for the freight train is adopted, the mechanical properties of strength, low-temperature impact performance, fatigue life and the like of the connecting piece can be improved, so that the development of railway vehicles towards the high-speed heavy-load direction can be improved, and railway accidents caused by the connecting piece are reduced or avoided.

The invention relates to an intelligent obstacle-removing and accident-preventing system for rails and belongs to the technical field of railway construction and traffic control. The railway accident-preventing device is formed by designing an infrared detection system, a conveying system, a camera-shooting collection system, a safety airbag system, a power supply system and a control system. Through conveying belts arranged between sleepers in a lifting mode, when a camera detects the situation that pedestrians or objects exist on the rail faces, the conveying belts automatically rise to convey the pedestrians or the objects to safety airbags arranged on the outer sides of rails; and when the camera detects the situation that a train is about to arrive, the conveying belts automatically fall to enable the train to pass normally, and accordingly the safety of traveling of the train and the safety of the pedestrians on the rails are guaranteed. The intelligent obstacle-removing and accident-preventing system is simple in structural design; electric energy of the intelligent obstacle-removing and accident-preventing system is provided by solar energy and wind power, so that energy sources are saved, and the intelligent and environmental-protection effects are achieved; and the pedestrians and the objects on the rails are safely transferred through the design of the conveying belts the safety airbags, and a great solving method is provided for the traffic safety problem in the traveling process of the rail train.

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator, and belongs to the technical field of G-series high-speed train rescue equipment. The vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator comprises a vehicle-mounted platform, a lifting cage, a power unit, a top segment, a turnover mechanism, a base segment, one or more standard segments, a pallet car and a crane. The power unit and the lifting cage are connected into a whole. The lifting cage is installed on the base segment, and a pinion of the power unit is engaged with a rack on the side face of the base segment to form a gear and rack pair. In the installation state, the standard segments and the top segment are moved to a set area under the effect of the pallet car and then are sequentially hoisted to the top of the base segment through the crane. The base segment, the standard segments and the top segment can be in butt joint in sequence to form a vertical channel, and racks of the base segment, the standard segments and the top segment are in butt joint to form a long rack engaged with the pinion of the power unit. By adoption of the vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator, personnel canbe vertically transferred to the ground efficiently, conveniently and comfortably from a bridge floor in aerial railway accidents, and the vehicle-mounted quick installation rescue elevator is mainlysuitable for aerial railways with the bridge floor heights being within 20m.

The invention provides an early warning processing device and a method for train ground temporary information. The device comprises a main control circuit, a speed measuring circuit, a ground temporary information reading circuit, a speech reminding circuit, a train control circuit, a power supply circuit, a clock circuit and a storage circuit, wherein the main control circuit is connected with the speed measuring circuit, the ground temporary information reading circuit, the speech reminding circuit and the train control circuit respectively; the ground temporary information reading circuit comprises a radio frequency card, an RFID reader and a photoelectric coupling pipe; and one end of the photoelectric coupling pipe is connected with the RFID reader, while the other end is connected with the main control circuit. The device adopts RFID technology, and guarantees the accuracy and safety of data reading. The device has the advantages of stable circuit performance, strong practicability and high cost-performance ratio. The method is simple and scientific, plays a great role in actual application, effectively protects the safety of trains and people property, and avoids nicious railway accidents.