Belonging to the technical field of wet metallurgy, the invention especially relates to a method for comprehensive recovery of valuable metals from tin anode mud. The method comprises the following technical key points of: mixing the tin anode mud with one or more of an alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution and an alkali metal sulfide aqueous solution, keeping the pH value of the mixed feed solution greater than 12, placing the feed solution into a sealed reactor, conducting heating to a temperature of 100-300DEG C, carrying out stirring reaction, then performing filtration, recovering valuable metals, mainly tin, from the filtrate, and recovering various valuable metals from the filter residue by means of oxidizing roasting transformation, copper leaching by sulfuric acid, silver leaching by nitric acid, bismuth leaching by hydrochloric acid. The invention is particularly suitable for treatment of tin anode mud with high antimony and low silver, and can achieve a good comprehensive recovery effect for various valuable metals. The leaching rate of tin is greater than 90%, the removal rate of antimony is greater than 85%, and silver, bismuth, copper, as well as lead are enriched over 4 times. And the method generates a relative small amount of ''three wastes'', thus being in favor of environmental protection.