The invention relates to the technical field of
coal-fired unit
energy flow analysis and prediction, in particular to a
coal-fired unit boiler
energy flow analysis and prediction method under rapid
variable load, which specifically comprises the following steps of: firstly, combining a thermodynamic physical framework with a
recurrent neural network, and representing a function relationship between a time-varying parameter and a
state variable in a mechanism model through a neural unit; rapid fluctuation of energy in the boiler is accurately captured; secondly, a multi-
mode switching strategy based on an attention mechanism is introduced, flexible switching is carried out between a
strong coupling state and a weak
coupling state, and the prediction precision under high-speed load change is guaranteed; and finally, introducing an error compensation model, and dynamically correcting a
hybrid model prediction residual error. According to the method, physical constraints of mechanism modeling, multi-
mode switching of an attention mechanism and an error compensation model are integrated and fused, so that the problems that most of
hybrid modeling studies in the prior art mainly focus on steady-state or finite transient prediction, and studies on energy flow dynamic characteristics under rapid load change are still relatively deficient are solved.