102results about "3-dimensional image production" patented technology

The present invention relates to photohardenable compositions and methods of forming an object, the method preferably including a photohardenable composition described herein. Preferred photohardenable compositions and methods include a photohardenable resin component, a first photoinitiator that is activatable by exposure to light at a first wavelength and light at a second wavelength, and a second photoinitiator that is activatable by exposure to light at a third wavelength, wherein the first, second, and third wavelengths are not the same, and the third wavelength is shorter than the first wavelength and the second wavelength. Preferred first photoinitators include photoswitchable photoinitiators. Preferably the second light-activated photoinitiator comprises a free-radical photoinitiator. Hardenable resin compositions and methods of forming an object including the hardenable resin composition are also disclosed.

1. A resin composition for 3D printing of objects, comprising: a photocurable component A serving as a 3D structurable matrix; a component B serving as a synergistic combination of flame retardants; and at least one photoinitiator suitable for polymerization by light excitation, wherein, based on the total weight of components A and B, the amount of curable component A is in the range of 60% to 95% by weight, preferably 65% ​​to 90% by weight, and more preferably 70% to 85% by weight; the amount of flame retardant component B is in the range of 5% to 40% by weight, preferably 10% to 35% by weight, and more preferably 15% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of components A and B; and the amount of photoinitiator is in the range of 0.01% to 10% by weight, based on the weight of component A alone.

Photohardenable compositions comprising a photohardenable component and a photoswitchable photoinitiator, wherein the photoswitchable photoinitiator is activatable by exposure to light having a first wavelength and light having a second wavelength to induce a crosslinking or polymerization reaction in the photohardenable component, and wherein the photohardenable composition displays non-Newtonian rheological behavior are disclosed. Methods including such photohardenable compositions for printing one or more objects are also disclosed.

The present invention includes methods for forming an object in a volume including a photohardenable composition described herein that includes a photohardenable resin component and a photoswitchable photoinitiator comprising a P-type photochromic molecule. The present invention also includes photoswitchable photoinitiators comprising a P-type photochromic molecule, preferably comprising a P-type diarylethene molecule, and photohardenable compositions and methods including such photoswitchable photoinitiators.

The present invention presents improved systems and methods for performing multi-photon lithography. A line-scanning temporally focused two-photon lithography (LS-TFTPL) technique is capable of patterning three-dimensional structures with high throughput. An example LS-TFTPL system may include a pulsed laser, first optical components for expanding light pulses into an elongated or line cross section, a digital micromirror device for modulating the light pulses with a linear pattern and dispersing spectral components of the modulated light pulses, and second optical components for focusing the dispersed spectral components of the modulated light pulse at a line in or on a target material. The focused spectral components may alter the target material within selected voxels along the line, where the selected voxels spatially correspond to the linear pattern.

A method of forming a three-dimensional object is carried out by: (a) providing a carrier and an optically transparent member having a build surface, the carrier and the build surface defining a build region therebetween; (b) filling the build region with a polymerizable liquid, the polymerizable liquid comprising a mixture of: (i) a light polymerizable liquid first component, and (ii) a second solidifiable component that is different from the first component; (c) irradiating the build region with light through the optically transparent member to form a solid blocked polymer scaffold and advancing the carrier away from the build surface to form a three-dimensional intermediate having the same shape as, or a shape to be imparted to, the three-dimensional object, with the intermediate containing the second solidifiable component; and then (d) solidifying and / or curing the second solidifiable component to form from said three-dimensional intermediate the three-dimensional object.

The present application relates to a lens for focusing at least two partial rays of a light ray incident on the lens into at least one predetermined depth of an image space, comprising: (a) a focusing unit with at least one optical element; (b) at least one combined beam-splitting and aberration-compensating unit, which is configured to split the light ray entering the lens into at least two partial rays and to compensate for at least one aberration of the at least one optical element of the focusing unit in advance; and (c) wherein the at least one optical element is configured to focus the at least two partial rays leaving the combined beam-splitting and aberration-compensating unit into the at least one predetermined depth of the image space.

To form a dual damascene structure in a photoresist.SOLUTION: Embodiments of the present disclosure include apparatuses and methods for fabricating dual damascene structures. A first portion in the first region of the photoresist is exposed to a first dose of electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source. The first portion has a first depth and a first surface area. A second portion of the photoresist in the first region is exposed to a second dose of electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source. The second portions have a second depth and a second surface area, and each of the first surface areas of the first portions is disposed within one of the second surface areas of the second portions. A third portion in the second region of the photoresist is exposed to a first dose of electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source. The third portion has a first depth and a first surface area.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

The present invention relates to a process, an apparatus and a photoswitchable photoinitiator for locally polymerizing a starting material by bichromatic photopolymerization, as well as a method for volume printing (xolography) of shaped bodies. In particular, photoinitiators are provided that induce the curing of photopolymerizable formulations upon irradiation with two different wavelengths and can be used for volume printing (xolocure initiators).

The present disclosure provides a photopolymerizable composition. The photopolymerizable composition includes a) 40-60 parts by weight of a monofunctional (meth)acrylate monomer, per 100 parts of the total photopolymerizable composition; b) a photoinitiator; and c) a polymerization reaction product of components. A cured homopolymer of the monofunctional (meth)acrylate monomer has a glass transition temperature of 125 degrees Celsius or greater. The polymerization reaction product of components includes i) a diisocyanate; ii) a hydroxy functional methacrylate; iii) a polycarbonate diol; and iv) a catalyst. The polymerization reaction product includes a polyurethane methacrylate polymer. Often, the polycarbonate diol has a number average molecular weight of greater than 1,000 grams per mole (g / mol) or a weighted average of all polycarbonate diols present in the components has a Mn of greater than 1,000 g / mol; alternatively, the polyurethane methacrylate polymer has a weight average molecular weight of 8,000 g / mol or greater. An article is also provided including the photopolymerizable composition reaction product. Further, the present disclosure provides articles and methods of making articles. Methods are additionally provided, including receiving, by a manufacturing device having one or more processors, a digital object comprising data specifying an article; and generating, with the manufacturing device by an additive manufacturing process, the article based on the digital object. A system is also provided, including a display that displays a 3D model of an article; and one or more processors that, in response to the 3D model selected by a user, cause a 3D printer to create a physical object of an article.

The present invention is in the technical field of additive manufacturing and provides a continuous method for producing planar, porous hydrogels and structures. The present invention also provides an apparatus for the continuous production of hydrogels.

The present invention provides a method of producing an intraoral appliance equipped with a coated film including an intraoral appliance that is a stereolithographic article of a stereolithographic curable composition having formed on a prescribed surface thereof a coated film capable of imparting excellent adhesion durability and toughness, and relates to a method of producing an intraoral appliance equipped with a coated film, including coating on a prescribed surface of an intraoral appliance that is a stereolithographic article of a stereolithographic curable composition (A) containing a (meth)acrylic based polymerizable monomer (a) and a photopolymerization initiator (b), a curable composition (B) containing the same (meth)acrylic based polymerizable monomer (a) as contained in the stereolithographic curable composition (A), so as to form a coated film of a resin (B 1) containing a polymer having a structure derived from the same (meth)acrylic based polymerizable monomer (a) as contained in the stereolithographic curable composition (A), on the prescribed surface of the intraoral appliance.

The present invention relates to relates to a polymer formulation for three-dimensionally (3D) printing an article by stereolithography, the formulation comprising a functionalized polymer. The invention further relates to lithographic methods to form 3D objects that incorporate the aforementioned polymer formulation.

The present invention is directed to a method for printing a micro-scaled or nano-scaled XUV and / or X-ray Diffractive optic (1), including the following steps: a) providing a material (2) with a first component (2a) being photo-sensitive and being polymerizable by two-photon-absorption, b) providing data (3) of a desired geometrical structure (4) of the optic (1) and creating at least one trajectory (8) corresponding to the data (3) of the desired structure (4) of the optic (1), c) providing a high-intensity energy beam (5), in particular a laser beam, wherein the beam (5) comprises a focus (F) having a position being adjustable to a plurality of positions (F1, F2, <, Fp) being coincident with the at least one trajectory (8), d) polymerization of the material (2) by two-photon-absorption at a first position (Fn) of the focus (F), thereby creating a first voxel (vn1n2n3) of the structure (4) of the optic (1), adjusting the position of the focus (F) from the first position (Fn) to a subsequent position (Fn+1) of the focus (F) along the at least one trajectory (8) and repeating step d) at the subsequent position (Fn+1) of the focus (F), wherein a distance (d) between each of the positions (F1, F2, <, Fp) of the focus (F) and at least one of the rest of the positions (F1, F2, <, Fp) of the focus (F) is smaller than a mean diameter (vd) of the voxels produced at these positions with respect to their dimension parallel to the distance (d).

A hybrid resin composition for the 3D-printing of objects, comprising at least one monofunctional, light-curable component A functioning as a reactive diluent (RD), at least one mono- or multifunctional, light-curable component B functioning as a toughness modifier (TNM), and at least one mono- or multifunctional, heat curable component C functioning as a Tg-enhancer (TGE).

The present invention relates to photohardenable compositions for use in forming an object. The photohardenable compositions include a photohardenable resin component, a first photoinitiator that is activatable by exposure to light at a first wavelength and light at a second wavelength, and a second photoinitiator that is activatable by exposure to light at a third wavelength, wherein the first, second, and third wavelengths are not the same, and the third wavelength is shorter than the first wavelength and the second wavelength.

Embodiments of the disclosure include apparatus and methods for fabricating dual damascene structures. First portions within a first region of a photoresist are exposed to electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source at a first dose. The first portions have first depths and first surface areas. Second portions within the first region of the photoresist are exposed to electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source at a second dose. The second portions have second depths and second surface areas, each of the first surface areas of the first portions is disposed within one of the second surface areas of the second portions. Third portions within a second region of the photoresist are exposed to the electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source at the first dose. The third portions have the first depths and the first surface areas.

An exemplary holographic metasurface lithography system and method that project a hologram having two or more different wavelengths of light onto a hybrid resin to simultaneously or concurrently cure / form both (i) a first material structure, e.g., a metal structure and (ii) a second material structure, e.g., a polymer structure, from the hybrid resin in the same three-dimensional space. The hologram is generated by a metasurface mask that encodes spatial information for both the metal structure and the polymer structure, and the resin has both (i) UV-sensitive metal precursors to form the metal structure and (ii) monomers, crosslinkers, wavelength-selective photosystems to form the polymer structure.

The present invention relates to a process for volumetric printing of a shaped body comprising locally polymerizing a starting material comprising a bio-co-initiator.

Embodiments herein describe a sub-micron 3D diffractive optics element and a method for forming the sub-micron 3D diffractive optics element. In a first embodiment, a method is provided for forming a sub-micron 3D diffractive optics element on a substrate without planarization. The method includes depositing a material stack to be patterned on a substrate, depositing and patterning a thick mask material on a portion of the material stack, etching the material stack down one level, trimming a side portion of the thick mask material, etching the material stack down one more level, repeating trim and etch steps above 'n' times, and stripping the thick mask material from the material stack.

The present disclosure provides a novel method for fabricating thermal management devices. The present disclosure is directed to a photocuring ceramic slurry comprising: 50 to 70 wt. % opaque ceramic particles; 30 to 50 wt. % light curing resin; and 0.3 to 1 wt. % dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent promotes light to penetrate and cure the photocuring slurry. Thermal management components manufactured from slurries include a vacuum wafer chuck with internal water-cooling channels and a micro-cooler heat management device with internal channels and pins.

The application relates to a parallel three-dimensional gray-scale laser direct writing lithography method based on a rotating mirror, wherein the method comprises the following steps: generating a writing laser through a writing laser; generating a multi-channel writing light beam according to an optical diffraction device and the writing laser; generating three-dimensional gray-scale writing data according to a two-dimensional gray-scale image of a structure to be written; splitting and writing the three-dimensional gray-scale writing data into different output channels of a waveform generator based on a rotating mirror parallel writing algorithm and the number of the multi-channel writing light beams; when a displacement table moves to a target position, controlling the switching or amplitude modulation of each corresponding channel of a multi-channel acousto-optic modulator by using the three-dimensional gray-scale writing data of the different output channels of the waveform generator, and completing parallel writing of the structure to be written. Through the application, the problem that obvious step phenomena easily occur during three-dimensional laser writing in the related art is solved, the three-dimensional laser writing speed is improved, and the obvious step phenomena during three-dimensional laser writing are eliminated.

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for use in a system in which light pulses of different wavelengths are generated by moving an optical element connected to an actuator and in which the actuator is driven by a command voltage having a threshold cap depending on a position of a pulse in a burst of pulses.

The invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional object in an optically reactive starting material, comprising: providing an optically reactive starting material (4) in a working volume (5), wherein the optically reactive starting material (4) contains active molecules of a dual-color photoinitiator; and optically processing the starting material (4) to produce a three-dimensional object by radiating with light of a first wavelength and light of a second wavelength that is different from the first wavelength. The optical processing comprises the following: a) radiating the light of the first wavelength through an opening (20) of an entrance pupil (11) located upstream of an objective (12) and through the objective (12), wherein the objective (12) focuses the light of the first wavelength in the starting material into a focus volume in a focus of the objective (12) such that active molecules that absorb the light of the first wavelength transition into an intermediate state; b) radiating the light of the second wavelength via the entrance pupil (11) and the objective (12), wherein the objective (12) focuses the light of the second wavelength in the starting material (4) into the focus volume such that active molecules within the focus volume that are in the intermediate state and absorb the light of the second wavelength transition into a reactive state and a chemical reaction is thereby triggered in the focus volume, by means of which a material property of the starting material (4) is locally changed; and c) producing the three-dimensional object by repeating steps a) and b) for further focus volumes; wherein, during radiation, the light of the first wavelength and the light of the second wavelength are radiated, on the path to the focus volume, in a spatially non-overlapping manner at least when passing through the entrance pupil (11) and when passing through the objective (12) and in a spatially overlapping manner in the focus volume. Furthermore, a device for producing a three-dimensional object in an optically reactive starting material is provided.

This application discloses a method and apparatus for manufacturing three-dimensional micro / nano structures based on a surface plasmon grayscale lithography system, relating to the field of semiconductor manufacturing. The method includes: acquiring the spatial distribution characteristics of the field intensity at the opening of a bow-shaped nanopore in the surface plasmon grayscale lithography system; determining the correspondence between the spatial distribution characteristics and the gap size of the bow-shaped nanopore based on the spatial distribution characteristics; adjusting the exposure dose of the surface plasmon grayscale lithography system to grayscale based on the correspondence between the spatial distribution characteristics and the gap size to determine the grayscale exposure input pattern corresponding to the target three-dimensional micro / nano structure; inputting the grayscale exposure input pattern into the lithography imaging model and photoresist imaging model of the surface plasmon grayscale lithography system for exposure processing to determine the pattern quality parameters corresponding to the exposed pattern. This method can greatly improve the exposure quality of the three-dimensional micro / nano structure and has significant practical applicability.

According to one exemplary embodiment, a method includes exposing one or more portions of an additive manufacturing resin to light; where the light includes a wavelength configured to cause a photo polymerizable compound in the additive manufacturing resin to polymerize; and the one or more portions of the additive manufacturing resin are defined by a three-dimensional pattern. Moreover, a method of forming an additive manufacturing resin suitable for fabricating a click-chemistry compatible composition of matter includes: reacting a compound comprising a terminal alkyne group or a terminal azide group with a protecting reagent to form a protected reactive diluent precursor, reacting the precursor with a second compound to form a protected reactive diluent; and mixing the protected reactive diluent with a photo polymerizable compound.

The present invention relates to curable compositions comprising additives useful for preventing the formation and entrapment of bubbles during 3D printing and to methods for preventing or restricting bubble formation and entrapment in 3D printed compositions. More specifically, this invention pertains to a curable composition comprising: (A) a free-radically polymerizable resin comprising at least one (meth)acrylate-functionalized compound; (B) a free radical photoinitiator; (C) optionally, at least one cationically polymerizable compound and a cationic photoinitiator; and (D) at least one specific wetting agent present in an amount of 1 to 15 weight percent based on the weight of the curable composition. The additives described herein are useful across a wide range of 3D printed articles because the presence of bubbles in the curable composition may impact either or both of the operability or the aesthetics of a 3D printed article.

The invention provides a laser detection and direct writing system for a miniature optical emitting device, which relates to the field of laser micro-nano processing and optical detection, and comprises a laser processing module, a surface and optical axis detection module, a common-path scanning module, a terminal beam combining module and an upper control module, the laser processing module outputs a processing light beam to the common-path scanning module; the surface and optical axis detection module receives a return detection light beam of the to-be-processed device through the common-path scanning module and converts the return detection light beam into an electric signal; the common-path scanning module is used for performing polarization state conversion on the standard detection light beam and the return detection light beam, and performing beam combination and transverse scanning on the processing light beam and the standard detection light beam; the terminal beam combining module is used for receiving the composite light beam emitted by the common-path scanning module and acquiring a return detection light beam of the device to be processed; the upper control module is electrically connected with the laser processing module, the surface and optical axis detection module, the common-path scanning module and the terminal beam combining module.

The present invention includes a method for forming an object within a volume containing a photocurable composition described herein, the photocurable composition including a photocurable resin component and a photoswitchable photoinitiator including a P-type photochromic molecule. The present invention also includes a photoswitchable photoinitiator including a P-type photochromic molecule, preferably including a P-type diarylethene molecule, and a photocurable composition and method including such a photoswitchable photoinitiator.