An anti-falling device for a hydraulic decoking system, comprising a lifting mechanism, a lever mechanism, a locking mechanism, a guiding mechanism and a bracket, the two sides of the bracket are provided with locking guide rails for guiding the vertical movement of the bracket, and the bracket is provided with The guide mechanism matched with the locking guide rail, the lifting mechanism is arranged on the top of the bracket, the lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting rod, and the lifting rod passes through the through hole set on the bracket downwards, and passes through the lever mechanism fixed on the bracket and the lock. The tension mechanism is connected, and the lifting rod is located between the lever mechanism and the bracket, and a return spring is sleeved. The return spring can push the lever mechanism to move when the lifting mechanism falls, and make the locking mechanism contact the locking guide rail. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, low manufacturing cost, long continuous trouble-free operation period, high safety reliability, and low device cost, effectively preventing accidental injuries to operators due to equipment falling.