The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a photoelectric composite medium-voltage drum cable. The photoelectric composite medium-voltage drum cable comprises power line cores, ground line cores, at least one optical element, a special neoprene inner sheath wrapping a cable core, a reinforcing layer which is woven at the exterior of the special neoprene inner sheath and embedded in the special neoprene inner sheath and a special neoprene outer sheath wrapping the reinforcing layer; chlorinated polyethylene rubber materials include the following components of: a chlorinated polyethylene raw rubber, magnesium oxide, dibasic lead sulfate, lead sulfate tribasic, paraffin, chlorinated paraffin, antioxidant, namely, poly(1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-quinoline), a reinforcing agent (carbon black), flame retardant (antimony oxide), a filler (talcum powder), a filler (calcium carbonate), a reinforcing and filling agent (white carbon black), a vulcanizing promoter (triallyl isocyanurate), and a vulcanizing agent (dicumyl peroxide). With the method for manufacturing the photoelectric composite medium-voltage drum cable of the invention adopted, the cable can still keep excellent insulation performance under high temperature burning and humid conditions, and it can be ensured the cable can work normally for a long time under burning, mechanical percussion and water spraying situations.