The invention discloses a robot with a variable wheelbase and capable of being lifted. The robot comprises a robot platform, driving wheels, driving wheel connecting rods, rear swinging rods, upper swinging motors, upper swinging rods, assisting motors, front swinging connecting rods, steering engines, steering wheels, lower connecting rods, swinging tooth grooves, lower swinging motors, L-shaped steering connecting rods and steering wheel connecting rods. According to the robot disclosed by the invention, the wheelbase can be enlarged, and the gravity center can be reduced, so that the robot can stably passes through a complex road condition, and stability and reliability of quickly passing through a complex road condition of a wheel type robot are improved; through adjusting the wheelbase of the robot and lifting the gravity center, obstacles are safely passed; and in the whole process of changing the wheelbase, two motors are adopted for providing power, so that total weight is reduced, and structure is compact.