Disclosed are kinase inhibitor compounds having the following structure: (I), or a stereoisomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, oxide, or solvate thereof, where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, N—Ar, X, Y, Z, and AA are as defined herein. Also disclosed are compositions containing the kinase inhibitor compounds, methods of inhibiting activity of a kinase in a cell, methods of increasing cell proliferation in a population of pancreatic beta cells, methods of treating a subject for a condition associated with insufficient insulin secretion, and methods of treating a subject for a neurological disorder.