The present invention discloses a method for improving an in-service 
tailings pond capacity and a device thereof, belonging to a field of 
tailings pond expansion technology. The method and the device are realized through a three-step 
tailings pond 
processing: a step of installing a working 
cushion for a tailings pond with a designed pond capacity and constructing a drainage 
system for drainage consolidation; a step of increasing the dam 
body height, discharging new tailings mud into the pond, and installing the working 
cushion and constructing a drainage 
system for a second time when the mud reaches the newly-increased dam 
body height; a last step of conducting consolidation 
processing on the newly-discharged tailings mud and storing the mud in different areas and on different 
layers via a paving 
system. The method for improving the in-service tailings pond capacity and the device thereof substantially reduce horizontal acting force of original tailings mud on an original 
tailings dam while a saturation line of the 
tailings dam body is lowered, with safety of the tailing pond improved, 
void ratio of a tailings 
soil mass greatly reduced, and the capacity of the tailings tank enhanced. Therefore the service life of the tailings pond is prolonged. The construction device of improving in-service tailings pond capacity has characteristics of easy operation, flexible combination, quick operation, and succinct and efficient construction technology.