The invention discloses a malathion hapten and a preparation method thereof, and a malathion artificial antigen, wherein the structure of the malathion hapten is represented by a formula (I), and n isequal to 1-9. According to the invention, malathion hapten is synthesized by taking phosphorus pentasulfide as a starting raw material, then malathion artificial antigen is prepared, and the preparedartificial immunogen is used for immunizing animals, so that a specific antibody for malathion can be induced to be generated. According to the invention, the method has the advantages of simple andconvenient synthesis steps, readily available raw materials, mild reaction conditions, suitability for laboratory and factory production, wide application prospect and great popularization value, canbe applied to establishment of rapid malathion detection methods and development of immune rapid test kits, and meets the detection requirements of malathion residues.