The invention provides an intelligent water and fertilizer management system based on big data analysis, and belongs to the technical field of control. The system comprises a cloud data center, a monitoring unit, a first communication unit and a plurality of detection units, the monitoring unit and the first communication unit are arranged on the monitoring unit, the detection units are arranged in different field parcels and comprise upper computers, alarms, display screens and control panels, first controllers, data storage units, data analysis units, big data decision making units and information retrieval units are arranged in the upper computers, and each detection unit comprises a data acquisition unit, a second controller, a second communication unit and a camera. According to the system, network monitoring management of the field parcels can be achieved, running conditions of devices in the field parcels are known in real time, running of all devices is effectively monitored, frequent in-situ inspection of managers is omitted, workload is decreased, data acquisition and big data analysis are achieved, and full-automatic control is achieved.