The invention relates to a friction-wear testing device, and particularly relates to a vacuum high-temperature high-speed friction-wear testing device. The vacuum high-temperature high-speed friction-wear testing device is provided with a hydraulic power system, a bullet, a propelling system, a sensor system, a friction pair loading system, a data acquisition system and a support frame, as well as a vacuum heating system and a sample recycling system, wherein the sample recycling system is a blind pipe with one sealed end; the open end of the blind pipe is butted with a force applying ring of the friction pair loading system; the vacuum heating system is a tubular vacuum box which wraps a section from a transmission pipe to the sample recycling system, and vacuum atmosphere and a resistance wire are arranged inside the vacuum box. The data acquisition system comprises strain gauges, a computer and a transmission circuit which is used for transmitting the data in the strain gauges to the computer; the strain gauges are adhered to both the force applying ring and an annular force meter. The device disclosed by the invention can be used for simulating a friction test in the vacuum atmosphere at different temperatures, satisfies friction-wear simulation under complex working conditions such as vacuum, high temperature, high speed and the like, and can provide effective data support for a research on friction wear under complex conditions.