The invention provides a pulmonary nodule detection method and device based on a neural network and image processing equipment. The method comprises the steps of S1, carrying out the recognition and segmentation of a pulmonary nodule in a CT image based on a 3D DCNN network frame, and obtaining candidate pulmonary nodule data, S2, constructing eigenvalue vectors of candidate pulmonary nodule data in the CT image to obtain a sample data set, and S3, dividing the sample data set into a training set and a test set according to a proportion, performing classification training on the training set by using a pre-constructed GRU model, inputting the test set into the trained GRU model for detection, and outputting a pulmonary nodule detection result. According to the method, after the CT lung image is automatically detected and segmented, the focus area is extracted, the feature value is constructed, the neural network is used for modeling, the candidate pulmonary nodule area is detected, false positive is reduced, and the accuracy of automatic detection of the lung image is improved.