A synchronous quick calibration method of a plurality of video cameras in a three-dimensional scanning
system, which includes: (1) setting a regular truncated rectangular
pyramid calibration object, setting eight calibration balls at the vertexes of the truncated rectangular
pyramid, and respectively setting two reference calibration balls at the upper and lower planes; (2) using the video cameras to pick-up the calibration object, adopting the two-threshold segmentation method to respectively obtain the corresponding circles of the upper and lower planes, extracting centers of the circles, obtaining three groups of corresponding relationships between circle center points in the image and the centres of calibration ball in the space, solving the
homography matrix to obtain the internal parameter matrix and external parameter matrix and obtaining the
distortion coefficient, taking the solved
video camera parameter as the initial values, and then using a non-linear optimization method to obtain the optimum solution of a single
video camera parameter; (3) obtaining in sequence the external parameter matrix between a plurality of video cameras and a certain
video camera in the space, using the polar curve geometric constraint relationship of the
binocular stereo vision to establish an optimizing
object function, and then adopting a non-linear optimization method to solve to get the optimum solution of the external parameter matrix between two video cameras.