The invention discloses high-temperature high-pressure multifunctional core sulfur deposition test device and method. The sulfur deposition test device comprises a displacement system, a formation condition analog system, a data acquisition system and a data processing system. The sulfur deposition test method comprises the following steps of: constructing a test environment, measuring the sulfur element deposition on line, observing the sulfur element deposition process on line, and testing the change of permeability of a rock sample before and after sulfur deposition and the like. The invention has the beneficial effects of realizing the visual display of a true core sulfur deposition process, the real-time online measurement of the sulfur deposition and dynamic calculation of core permeability change caused by sulfur deposition and accurately and dynamically evaluating the damage severity of permeability of a reservoir stratum, caused by sulfur deposition in real time, and has the advantages of high degree of automation, good safety, high accuracy, high temperature and high pressure resistance, strong corrosion resistance and the like.