The invention relates to a satellite clock error real-time prediction method based on a phase jump. The satellite clock error real-time prediction method comprises steps of: acquiring an original satellite clock error data sequence, preprocessing the original satellite clock error data sequence, performing polynomial fitting on a processed satellite clock error phase sequence, removing a periodicterm of the phase sequence, and calculating fitting precision; and predicting a satellite clock error and ending the operations if the fitting precision is less than a threshold value, detecting a frequency abnormal values from back to front if the fitting precision is greater than the threshold value to obtain a plurality of pieces of front and back data, predicting a satellite clock error and ending the operations if no anomaly occurs in frequency and the data is stable, and predicting a satellite clock error and ending the operations by adopting clock error data after the jump if the frequency is abnormal and/or the jump exists in the data. The satellite clock error real-time prediction method fully considers the frequency stability and frequency drift features of an atomic clock, performs order selection on GPS, GLONASS, BDS and Galileo, is applied to real-time clock error prediction of a satellite-based augmentation system, is stable and reliable in clock error prediction, improves clock difference error precision in SSR correction information, and improves the precision of the terminal positioning service.