The invention relates to a large visual field optical imaging method for guided missile detection and identification and a system thereof. The optical system is carried by a guided missile and used for target detection and identification, and comprises an optical glass ball cover, two folded plane reflectors, a band-pass filter, an electrical control diaphragm and an improved Pittsburgh Wan structural objective lens, wherein the improved Pittsburgh Wan structural objective lens is formed by two doublet lens groups and a meniscus lens. According to the invention, the two folded plane reflectors are adopted by the system, so that the system length is reduced, the mounting and adjustment are easy, and the stability is excellent; the requirement for the guided missile pre-reserved space is met while the veiling glare coefficient can be effectively reduced; the system is operated within a wide wave band range and a wide temperature range, chromatic aberration and optical aberration relevant to a visual field are reduced through selecting reasonable glass materials; the system adopts a refraction and reflection type optical structure, is simple and compact, is applicable to wider near-infrared band, has an adaptive temperature range, and has the characteristics of small chromatic aberration, strong athermalization capability, small distortion, excellent imaging performance and the like.