The invention discloses a speckle pattern-based mirror surface object three-dimensional measurement method, which comprises the following steps of firstly, generating a speckle pattern by using a computer, respectively projecting the speckle pattern on a reference mirror surface and a measured mirror surface by using an LCD screen, respectively acquiring by using an imaging system, and calculating the displacement of speckles by using an open-source 2D DIC application program Ncorr, acquiring the height of the measured mirror surface by directly establishing the relation between the speckle displacement and the height, and recovering the three-dimensional shape. Compared with a traditional sine fringe measurement method, the method has the advantages that patterns needing to be shot are greatly reduced, and the measurement efficiency is improved; by establishing the direct relation between the speckle displacement and the height, the gradient integration process is omitted, error accumulation in the gradient integration process is avoided, and the defect that a traditional method cannot measure discontinuous mirror objects is overcome; the method is simple in calculation, flexible in control and simple and convenient to operate, has high robustness in measurement of mirror objects, and has potential application prospect and practical value in precision measurement.