The invention discloses a real-time streaming media cluster transcoding system, belonging to the technical field of video information process, and comprising a user control module, a task management module, a system scheduling module, a data acquisition module, a data pushing module, a plurality of audio/video transcoding modules and an internal data transmission module, wherein, the task management module comprises a user interaction submodule, a task monitoring submodule, a task forcasting submodule and a self-study optimization submodule, wherein the system scheduling module comprises a node distribution submoduel, a data distribution submodule and a dynamic regulation submodule; the data pushing submodule comprises a data splicing submodule, an audio/video multiplexing submodule and a data output submodule; the audio/video transcoding module comprises a transcoder management submodule, an audio/video coding submodule, an audio/video decoding submodule and an audio/video data processing submodule. The real-time streaming media cluster transcoding system outputs audio/video data in different forms according to different demands, thereby realizing real-time processing and transcoding the high-definition and standard-definition streaming media data.