The invention provides a vehicle-mounted fruit tree fertilizing and trenching machine which mainly comprises a walking mechanism, a power mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a trenching mechanism, and a rack, wherein the walking mechanism is an farm-oriented tricycle, the power mechanism comprises a diesel engine and a hydraulic system, and is used for driving the walking mechanism, the transmission system and the trenching mechanism; the transmission system comprises a lifting mechanism capable of enabling the trenching mechanism to move up down, a rocker arm mechanism capable of enabling the trenching mechanism to move in the horizontal direction, a flexing mechanism capable of enabling the trenching mechanism to flex, and a drive mechanism capable of driving a drill bit of the trenching mechanism to rotate; the trenching mechanism comprises a center drill bit capable of moving up and down, two inner drill bits and two outer drill bits which are located at two sides of the center drill bit, and the five drill bits are integrated so that the straight line trenching can be carried out along a fruit tree, and arc-shaped trenching can be carried out around the fruit tree. By combining a lifting frame and a rocker arm, the vehicle-mounted fruit tree fertilizing and trenching machine is small in vehicle body width, uniform in hole distance, dense in quantity, and high in trenching efficiency, and can be widely applied to trenching and fertilizing operations for peach trees, pear trees, apple trees and the like.