The invention discloses an alveolar bone repair material and a preparation method and application thereof. The alveolar bone repair material is a powdery, granular or massive composite formed by bone meal, metal salt and amino sugar, wherein the mass part ratio of bone meal, metal salt and amino sugar is 10:(0.01-20):(0.1-100). The composite adopts a multi-layered structure taking bone meal as the core, and comprises bone meal, metal salt, amino sugar and metal salt from the inside out. Bone meal, calcium, zinc, magnesium, manganese, strontium metal element, glycosaminoglycan, amino-oligosaccharide and amino-monosaccharide all have bone guiding and promoting functions. Therefore, the alveolar bone repair material has better bone guiding and promoting functions, and can serve as a bone filler in alveolar bone repair and bone defect repair to quicken formation of new bones, to increase bone weight and to promote bone defect repair.