The invention discloses a machining center machine tool and machining method specially for a horizontal type bolted sphere. The machining center machine tool and machining method specially for the horizontal type bolted sphere comprises a cross side way, a horizontal sliding table, a longitudinal sliding table, a base, and a horizontal type circular tool magazine; and the cross side way is arranged on the plane of the base and is provided with the horizontal sliding table, the longitudinal sliding table is arranged on the upper end of the horizontal sliding table, the horizontal type circulartool magazine is arranged at one end of the longitudinal sliding table and is characterized by comprising a four-axis feed system and a tool changing system, and the four-axis feed system comprises aturntable system, a horizontal sliding table, and a longitudinal sliding table. The main design is the sphere center of the bolted sphere being a machining benchmark, without or reducing fixture changing, each of error factors caused by an unfixed sphere center is eliminated, machining accuracy is enhanced significantly, the sensibility of an initial position during machining is reduced, force isuniform and reliable, and rigid maintenance performance is good; and the sphere center of the bolted sphere is a reliable functional unit for design and modifying of a horizontal type machine tool ofthe bolted sphere.