The invention discloses a suction and emptying device and method for
ammonia gas in a transportation tank, and relates to the technical field of
liquid ammonia tank overhaul, and the device comprises an absorption unit and a suction unit. The absorption unit comprises a
recovery tank, a pipeline, a
water source and the like, the
recovery tank is communicated with the
water source through the pipeline, and a valve and a water pump are arranged on the pipeline; the suction unit comprises an
exhaust pipe, an exhaust fan and an air supply
pipe which are communicated in sequence, the
exhaust pipe is communicated with the transport tank access hole, and the air supply
pipe is communicated with the bottom of the
recovery tank. The method comprises the following steps: injecting water into the recovery tank, and primarily recovering
ammonia gas by utilizing
tank pressure; injecting water into the tank to dissolve
ammonia gas into water to form ammonia water, and pumping the ammonia water into a recovery tank; connecting an
exhaust pipe with an access hole, and opening a liquid opening valve and a gas ammonia
discharge valve; finally, an exhaust fan is started to suck residual
ammonia gas to reach the safety standard. The
ammonia gas can be efficiently emptied, the environment
pollution caused by direct emission is avoided, the cost and the operation complexity are reduced, resource recycling and structural design optimization are realized, and safe and reliable operation is guaranteed.