A double-region elastic drafting device of a spinning frame comprises a cradle body (10), a cradle rod (12), a rear upper roller (14), a front leather roller (16), a torsional spring frame (17), a lower pin (18), a front roller (20), an upper pin (23), a leather roller clamp (24), a roller slide base (25), a roller base (28), an upper middle roller (31) and a lower rear roller (33). A long leather ring (19) is arranged on the lower rear roller (33), the lower pin (18) and the torsional spring frame (17) in a sleeving mode. A short leather ring (15) is arranged on the rear upper roller (14) and the upper pin (23) in a sleeving mode, makes friction contact with the portion, on the lower rear roller (33), of the long leather ring (19) and is matched with the long leather ring (19) to form a rear region mechanism of the drafting device (E), the rear region mechanism is connected and matched with a front region mechanism of the drafting device (E), and the double-region elastic drafting device is formed. The upper pin (23) is a spring swing pin. The elastic drafting mode of the leather ring arranged on the rear region mechanism of the drafting device (E) improves rear-region guiding force, speed changing points of fibers become normal, stress of fiber silvers is uniform, slubs of yarn are reduced, spinning quality is good, and production efficiency is high.