The invention relates to the airplane transmission mechanism technology field, especially relates to a propeller having adjustable effective aerodynamic force. The propeller comprises a transmission shaft, a transmission base, and propeller blades. The center position of the inner part of the transmission base is provided with a circular assembly blind hole. The propeller having the adjustable effective aerodynamic force is characterized in that the transmission shaft, the transmission base, and the propeller blades are assembled and arranged in a split manner, and then each component is fixedly disposed by a bolt, and then the components having different specifications can be dismounted and replaced according to requirements, and therefore the dynamic property, the durability, the material and the noise can be adjusted, and expandability is strong, the later maintenance is convenient, and at the same time, the propeller can be screwed on an external screw assembly rod by using an assembly nut, can be disposed on an external positioning rod in a sleeved manner by an external positioning slot, and can be inserted in an arc-shaped limiting slot by using an arc-shaped assembly strip to improve the assembly firm performance of the abovementioned components.