The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle surveying and mapping system for power transmission lines, including an unmanned aerial vehicle, on which a rangefinder, a camera, a wireless data module, a GPS module, a controller, a storage battery, a rangefinder, and a control port of a camera are installed. Connect the command output port of the controller, connect the data output port of the rangefinder, wireless data module, camera, and GPS module to the data receiving port of the controller, connect the data output port of the controller to the data receiving port of the wireless data module, and set the console There is a module corresponding to the wireless data module. There is also a digital magnetic field meter on the drone. The data output port of the digital magnetic field meter is connected to the data receiving port of the controller. The information is transmitted to the controller in digital form, and the controller controls the course and altitude of the UAV according to the strength of the magnetic field, so that the UAV can automatically patrol along the transmission line.