125results about How to "Increase count rate" patented technology

The present invention provides flexible radiation detectors and related methods, including methods of making radiation detectors and assemblies according to the present invention. A flexible radiation detector includes a first resin layer and a scintillator layer deposited on the first resin layer. A method of making a flexible radiation detector includes forming a first resin layer on a substrate, depositing a scintillator layer on the first resin layer, and removing from the substrate at least a portion of a combination comprising the first resin layer and the scintillator, thereby producing a flexible radiation detector comprising the removed portion of first resin layer and scintillator layer.

The present invention includes an apparatus and corresponding method for temperature correction and count rate expansion of inorganic scintillation detectors. A temperature sensor is attached to an inorganic scintillation detector. The inorganic scintillation detector, due to interaction with incident radiation, creates light pulse signals. A photoreceiver processes the light pulse signals to current signals. Temperature correction circuitry that uses a fast light component signal, a slow light component signal, and the temperature signal from the temperature sensor to corrected an inorganic scintillation detector signal output and expanded the count rate.

Disclosed herein are novel approaches to thyroid cancer therapy. These approaches include methods to enhance thyroid specific gene expression, for example methods to enhance expression of thyroglobulin and/or the Na<+>/I<-> symporter in thyroid cancer cells. Enhanced expression of thyroid-specific genes promotes cellular differentiation and reduces biologically aggressive behavior such as invasion and metastasis. In addition, enhanced expression of thyroglobulin and/or the Na<+>/I<31 > symporter increases the ability of thyroid cancer cells to concentrate iodine or iodide, thereby making the cells more susceptible to radioactive iodine therapy. Also disclosed herein are methods for detecting thyroid neoplasms in a subject, by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, administering a detectable agent whose uptake or concentration in thyroid cells is increased by administration of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, and detecting the detectable agent.

A method and apparatus for processing step-like output signals (primary signals) generated by non-ideal, for example, nominally single-pole ("N-1P ") devices. An exemplary method includes creating a set of secondary signals by directing the primary signal along a plurality of signal paths to a signal summation point, summing the secondary signals reaching the signal summation point after propagating along the signal paths to provide a summed signal, performing a filtering or delaying operation in at least one of said signal paths so that the secondary signals reaching said summing point have a defined time correlation with respect to one another, applying a set of weighting coefficients to the secondary signals propagating along said signal paths, and performing a capturing operation after any filtering or delaying operations so as to provide a weighted signal sum value as a measure of the integrated area QgT of the input signal.

The invention concerns a device for processing a signal delivered by a radiation detector (1), the device comprising a circuit (2, 3) able to deliver a voltage pulse whereof the amplitude is proportional to a charge detected by the detector (1) and an analog/digital converter (ADC) that digitizes the voltage pulse at a given sampling frequency and delivers a digital signal, characterized in that it comprises, downstream of the analog/digital converter (ADC), a processing circuit (5) that comprises:

• • a reading unit for reading the digital signal (S (t)) delivered by the analog/digital converter (ADC),
  • a computing unit that computes a temporal variation rate of the read digital signals, and
  • a circuit able to capture the read digital signals whereof the temporal variation reaches a predetermined threshold.

The invention provides a multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer, wherein, channels work independently for carrying out multi-channel relevance measurement to improve measurement real-time property, and the analyzer has the advantages of simplified structure and flexible expansion. The multi-channel pulse amplitude analyzer comprises a plurality of pulse peak detection circuits, a plurality of ADCs, a plurality of multi-channel data storage circuits, a network transmission module and a timing sequence control circuit, wherein, the pulse peak detection circuits work independently for receiving a multi-channel pulse signal, detecting arrival time of peaks and outputting a plurality of screening signals respectively; the ADCs work independently for starting up A/D conversion on the multi-channel pulse signal and outputting conversion data; the multi-channel data storage circuits receive the conversion data and carry out counting storage; the network transmission module reads and outputs storage data; and the timing sequence control circuit generates a timing sequence signal for controlling an operating timing sequence of the circuits.

The invention discloses a high-speed-quenching and high-speed-recovery free-operation single-photon detection system. The system is characterized in that the system includes an SPAD (single-photon avalanche diode), a peripheral circuit module 1 thereof, an identification and shaping module 2, a time delay and amplification module 3 and an active quenching and recovery module 4; the SPAD and the peripheral circuit module 1 thereof extract avalanche signals and input the avalanche signals to the identification and shaping module 2; the identification and shaping module 2 identifies and shapes the avalanche signals so as to obtain counting signals; the counting signals are inputted to the time delay and amplification module 3 and then are divided into two paths, wherein one path passes through an operational amplifier, so that active quenching signals can be obtained, and the other path is subjected to dead time setting delay and shaping, so that active recovery signals are obtained; the active quenching signals and the active recovery signals are inputted to the active quenching and recovery module 4; and the electric level signals of the active quenching and recovery module 4 are connected into the anode of the SPAD, so that the high-speed quenching and high-speed recovery of the SPAD are realized. With the system adopted, the detection efficiency and counting rate of a single-photon detector can be improved.

Spectral x-ray imaging using a photon counting x-ray detector (PCXD) transmits a broad spectrum x-ray beam through an object, detects the transmitted x-ray beam with the PCXD and processes the detected signals to determine material characteristics of the object using both the detected signals as a function of detector layer and the detected signals as a function of the particular energy band. Each detector layer of the multiple detector layers produces at least two signals, each signal representing a detected x-ray intensity in a particular energy band, and the depth information contained in the separate read-out channels.

Provided is a single photon detector and a photon number detector which use an APD and include an auxiliary signal generator, a light receiving element, a mixer, and a determiner The auxiliary signal generator generates an auxiliary signal. The light receiving element receives a photon to output an electric signal. The mixer receives and mixes an output signal of the light receiving element and the auxiliary signal. The determiner determines whether the photon is received or the number of received photons. The single photon detector and photon number resolving detector detect an avalanche of an amplitude less than the amplitude of a capacitive response. A probability that an after pulse is generated can be reduced. A photon count rate is enhanced. The influence on the waveform of the gate signal can be decreased. The frequency of the gate signal can be continuously changed.

The invention discloses a method and instrument for controllable source neutron logging during drilling. The method comprises the steps that a pulse neutron source on a drill collar is started and quantitative high-energy neutrons are emitted to a stratum in a pulse mode; the number of thermal neutrons with the speed reduced by the stratum is measured through a long spacing detector and a short spacing detector which are arranged on the drill collar respectively, wherein the thermal neutrons are scattered back to a well hole; according to the number, measured through the two spacing detectors, of the thermal neutrons, the macroscopic capture cross section sigma of the thermal neutrons and the porosity phi of the stratum are obtained; the stratum water saturation Sw is obtained according to the macroscopic capture cross section of the thermal neutrons and the porosity phi. The instrument comprises the pulse neutron source, a detection unit, a signal processing and data analyzing unit and a power module used for supplying power for the detection unit and the signal processing and data analyzing unit. The thermal neutrons are detected through the long spacing <3>He thermal neutron detector and the short spacing <3>He thermal neutron detector, two sets of parameters including the porosity and the macroscopic capture cross section of the thermal neutrons and are obtained, and therefore the measurement of the water saturation and the porosity of the stratum with a relatively low degree of mineralization is achieved. Due to the use of the pulse neutron source, damage, caused by a radioactive source, to human and the environment is eliminated.

The invention relates to a power spectrum analysis method. The method comprises the steps: converting particle energy into an initial pulse signal, processing the initial pulse signal into a step pulse signal, converting the step pulse signal into a rectangular pulse signal after pulse shaping of the step pulse signal, enabling the pulse amplitude of the rectangular pulse signal to be a set value, enabling a corresponding relation to be formed between the pulse width of the rectangular pulse signal and the pulse amplitude of the step pulse signal, measuring the pulse width of the rectangular pulse signal and corresponding pulse counting to obtain the pulse width spectrum of the rectangular pulse signal, converting the pulse width spectrum into a pulse amplitude spectrum according to the corresponding relation between the rectangular pulse width and the step pulse amplitude or directly converting the pulse width spectrum into a power spectrum of particles according to a corresponding relation between the rectangular pulse width and the energy of particles. The invention also relates to a power spectrum analysis system and a Gamma ray detection system. The invention helps to solve the problem of the prior art that a power spectrum analysis process contains a complicated A/D converting circuit and thus the integration level is difficult to improve.

A single channel pulse height analyzer realized by applying a peak position detecting method is characterized in that in the working circuit, detected nuclear pulse signals are subjected to filtering formation through an amplifier, and are outputted to an upper screening circuit, a lower screening circuit and a peak position detection circuit respectively through input circuits; the output signals processed by the upper screening circuit and the lower screening circuit are respectively inputted to the S end and the R end of an RS trigger circuit; the output signals processed by the lower screening circuit and the peak position detection circuit are respectively inputted to the input end of a gate circuit; the anticoincidence signals outputted by the RS trigger circuit and the coincidence signals outputted by the gate circuit are respectively inputted to an anticoincidence shaping circuit; the anticoincidence shaping circuit outputs counting signals. No manual dead time is introduced, the system dead time of the single channel pulse height analyzer is greatly reduced, the counting rate is improved, the structure of the circuit is simple, and the single channel pulse height analyzer can be suitable for detecting output signals of a nuclear radiation detector in common use.

A direct conversion radiation detector includes a detector body made from a direct conversion material, a plurality of segmented electrode members operatively coupled to a radiation-receiving side of the detector body and at least one electrode operatively coupled to a second side of the detector body. The radiation detector is configured such that received radiation is incident on the segmented electrode members. The radiation detector provides reduced polarization effects for a variety of high flux radiation detection applications.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a positive electron annihilation angle correlation spectrometer. The positive electron annihilation angle correlation spectrometer comprises a radioactive source, a first detector module and a second detector module, a coincidence unit and a data processing unit, wherein positive electrons generated by the radioactive source enter a sample to be slowed down, diffused and finally annihilated to generate two gamma rays, wherein the generated gamma rays respectively enter two detectors; the first detector module and the second detector module are fixed detectors; a scintillator of the first detector module is a whole crystal; a scintillator of the second detector module comprises a plurality of crystal bars which are linearly arranged along the direction of a narrow slit; and different crystal bars correspond to different included angles theta. By the positive electron annihilation angle correlation spectrometer, angle scanning can be avoided and a one-dimensional angle correlation spectrum can be obtained directly, and thus all angles can be measured once, thereby reducing test time, effectively improving the counting rate and improving testing performance of the system.