274results about How to "Gain is not constant" patented technology

A high frequency reaction processing system comprising an outer container (40) made of a dielictric material and having two end faces, which can close the inner cavity, one or more high frequency wave coupling portion (42) disposed at arbitrary position on the outer surface of the outer container (40), one or more inner container (41) made of a dielectric material and having two end faces, which can closeg the inner cavity, disposed at a position for receiving a high frequency wave guided through the high frequency wave coupling portion (42) without touching the inner side face of the outer container (40), and a covering portion (43) made of a conductive material, for covering the outer surface of the outer container except for the area occupied with the high frequency wave coupling portion (42) and sustaining the potential at a level equal to the ground potential of a waveguide line.

By incorporating a carbon species below the channel region of a P-channel transistor prior to the formation of the gate electrode structure, an efficient strain-inducing mechanism may provided, thereby enhancing performance of P-channel transistors. The position and size of the strain-inducing region may be determined on the basis of an implantation mask and respective implantation parameters, thereby providing a high degree of compatibility with conventional techniques, since the strain-inducing region may be incorporated at an early manufacturing stage, directly to respective “large area” contact elements.

A bio-electrode for detecting heart signals and the like comprises a dry electode surface having an elevated resistivity to reduce the effect of polarization noise. The electrode is combined with a circuit having an external discharge resistor across which an output signal is obtained wherein the discharge resistor has a value which reduces the time constant of polarization noise to less than one second.

A first exposure treatment for irradiating a first photosensitive layer formed on one main surface of a transparent support with a first light thereby to expose the first photosensitive layer and a second exposure treatment for irradiating a second photosensitive layer formed on the other main surface of the transparent support with a second light to expose the second photosensitive layer are performed such that the first light incident on the first photosensitive layer does not substantially reach the second photosensitive layer and the second light incident on the second photosensitive layer does not substantially reach the first photosensitive layer.

A sensor electrode (31) provided between an insulating substrate (21) and a counter electrode (27) is electrically connected to a grid-shaped metal bridge (35) via an insulating layer.

An ESD protection circuit incorporates an ESD shunt device triggered by an ESD trigger network. In non-powered situations, a first RC time constant in the ESD trigger network, corresponds with the time range of the onset an ESD event and controls application of the ESD shunt device in response to the ESD event. A second RC time constant in a shunt trigger network is selected to be longer than the first RC time constant and holds-off triggering of a shunt device during ESD shunt protection. When activated during powered-on operation, the shunt device shunts a resistive element in the ESD trigger network forming a third time constant. The shunt device guards against false triggering during noise on a power rail by maintaining the third time constant in the ESD trigger network. The third time constant ensures that power rail voltage buildup due to noise dissipates before a false trigger develops.

A display device in which an Al alloy film and a conductive oxide film are directly connected without interposition of refractory metal and some or all of Al alloy components deposit or are concentrated at the interface of contact between the Al alloy film and the conductive oxide film. The Al alloy film contains 0.1 to 6 at % of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Ag, Zn, Cu and Ge, and further contains 1) 0.1 to 2 at % of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Cr, Mn, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt, La, Ce, Pr, Gd, Tb, Sm, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Dy or 2) 0.1 to 1 at % of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta and W, as the alloy components.

An antenna and a wireless communication device are adapted to have a plurality of resonant frequencies changed simultaneously by a desired range at a low voltage. The antenna includes a first antenna section and a second antenna section. The first antenna section includes a feeding electrode, a frequency-changing circuit, and a radiating electrode, and the second antenna section includes the feeding electrode, a first reactance circuit, and an additional radiating electrode. The frequency-changing circuit has a circuit configuration in which the first reactance circuit and the second reactance circuit are connected. When a control voltage Vc is applied to a node P, the reactances of the first and second reactance circuits change in accordance with the magnitude of the control voltage Vc, so that a resonant frequency f1 of the first antenna section and a resonant frequency f2 of the second antenna section change simultaneously.

A system and method of reducing spin pumping induced damping of a free layer of a memory device is disclosed. The memory device includes an anti-ferromagnetic material (AFM) pinning layer in contact with a bit line access electrode. The memory device also includes a pinned layer in contact with the AFM pinning layer, a tunnel barrier layer in contact with the pinned layer, and a free layer in contact with the tunnel barrier layer. The memory device includes a spin torque enhancing layer in contact with the free layer and in contact with an access transistor electrode. The spin torque enhancing layer is configured to substantially reduce spin pumping induced damping of the free layer.

The sequencing of individual monomers (e.g., a single nucleotide) of a polymer (e.g., DNA, RNA) is improved by reducing the motion of the polymer due to thermally-driven diffusion to reduce the spatial error in the position of the polymer within a measurement device. A major system parameter, such as average translocation velocity or measurement time, is selected based on the characteristics of the sensing system utilized, and an algorithm jointly optimizes the sequencing order error rate and the monomer identification error rate of the system.

A method on a computing device is provided for enhancing the memory and cognitive ability of an older adult by requiring the adult to differentiate between rapidly presented stimuli. The method trains the time order judgment of the adult by presenting upward and downward frequency sweeps, in random order, separated by an inter-stimulus interval. The upward and downward frequency sweeps are at frequencies common in formants which form the frequency components common in speech. Icons are associated with the upward and downward frequency sweeps to allow the adult to indicate an order in which the frequency sweeps are presented (i.e., UP-UP, UP-DOWN, DOWN-UP, and DOWN-DOWN). Correct selection of an order causes the inter-stimulus interval to be reduced, and / or the duration of the frequency sweeps to be adaptively shortened.

An antenna and a wireless communication device are adapted to have a plurality of resonant frequencies changed simultaneously by a desired range at a low voltage. The antenna includes a first antenna section and a second antenna section. The first antenna section includes a feeding electrode, a frequency-changing circuit, and a radiating electrode, and the second antenna section includes the feeding electrode, a first reactance circuit, and an additional radiating electrode. The frequency-changing circuit has a circuit configuration in which the first reactance circuit and the second reactance circuit are connected. When a control voltage Vc is applied to a node P, the reactances of the first and second reactance circuits change in accordance with the magnitude of the control voltage Vc, so that a resonant frequency f1 of the first antenna section and a resonant frequency f2 of the second antenna section change simultaneously.

A multispectral imaging array system and method of forming the same. A substrate and a group of antennas can be located with respect to one another on the substrate, such that respective gaps are formed between each antenna group and wherein different antenna sizes may be used for different spectral ranges. Additionally, one or more nanowires can be located within one or more gaps among the respective gaps, such that the nanowires in communication with the antennas and the substrate comprise a multispectral imaging system in which the use of the nanowire(s) decreases the thermal time constant and therefore the read out rate from the antennas while decreasing the ambient gas cooling speed relative to the read out rate to increase the manufacturability of the multispectral imaging array system.

A cushion tire is formed from a rubber material without being provided with an airspace inside the tire. An aspect ratio, which is a ratio of a sectional height of a tire with respect to a width of the tire, is set to 15 to 80%. And a number of holes are formed in both bilateral side surfaces of the tire along a circumferential direction thereof.

The invention is directed to therapeutic antioxidant compositions which are enhanced by the stabilized atomic hydrogen; one of the most potent antioxidants. Such products can be used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes in treatment of cancer, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases etc. The products described can be used independently or in combination with other drugs and treatment modalities. The products can also be used as dietetic products to aid in desired weigh loss. The described products can also be used to prevent oxidative and free radical damage to food and oxidation-prone industrial products. The invention also describes the methods to produce and stabilize atomic hydrogen and prepare and use such stabilized / encaged atomic hydrogen enhanced antioxidant compositions.

An imaging apparatus includes a pixel that generates charge; an integral amplifier that integrates charge transferred from the pixel; a low pass filter to which output of the integral amplifier is supplied and whose time constant is variable; first and second sample-and-hold circuits that sample and hold output of the low pass filter before and after the charge is transferred from the pixel to the integral amplifier, respectively; a differential circuit that outputs a difference between signals held by the first and second sample-and-hold circuits; and a control circuit that changes the time constant. The control circuit decreases the time constant after the sampling by the first sample-and-hold circuit ends, and increases the time constant in the middle of the sampling by the second sample-and-hold circuit.

This invention discloses an implementation of audio codec, which has low computational complexity, small memory footprint and high coding efficiency. It can be used in handheld devices, SoC or ASIC products and embedded systems. At the encoder side: first, apply time-to-frequency transform to audio signals, obtaining un-quantized spectrum data; second, based on the un-quantized spectrum data and target bit count, calculate the corresponding information of optimal scale factor, frequency band group, code table index and quantized spectrum by iteration; third, calculate and format bit-stream; fourth, output formatted bit-stream. At the decoder side: parse the formatted bit-stream, apply decoding and inverse quantization to the spectrum of each frame, reconstruct temporal audio data by frequency-to-time transform, and reconstruct the time-domain signals of each channel.

A turn control system is provided having four wheels and a steering wheel that controls the vehicle steering. A steering wheel angle sensor senses an angle of rotation of the steering wheel. An acceleration sensing device senses an acceleration demand. A wheel speed sensing device senses a wheel speed for each of the four wheels. A turn control activation switch enables the turn control system and shifts a vehicle transmission to one of a low or reverse operating gear. A brake control module calculates a target vehicle speed, a vehicle turning geometry, and target wheel speeds. A braking torque command signal is generated for modulating the brake torque. An engine torque command signal is generated for modulating an engine torque for producing the target vehicle speed. A respective additional braking torque is applied to at least one of the wheels for reducing the vehicle turning radius while maintaining the vehicle target speed.

Of a pair of switching transistors connected in series between a high voltage power source and the ground, when the switching transistor on the high potential side is controlled by an RS flip-flop in response to an input signal, in order to prevent a malfunction caused by the influence of dv / dt transient phenomena of an output terminal for driving a load, a latch circuit is reset using an input signal from a low side input terminal LIN in a period during which the voltage of the output terminal for driving the load abruptly decreases.

A system and method for measuring volumes and areas using electromagnetic induction techniques. A current is generated and fed into one of two coil assemblies to induce voltage into another coil assembly to provide accurate values for volume or area.

A method on a computing device is provided for enhancing the memory and cognitive ability of an older adult by requiring the adult to differentiate between rapidly presented stimuli. The method utilizes a sequence of phonemes from a confusable pair which are systematically manipulated to make discrimination between the phonemes less difficult or more difficult based on the success of the adult. The manipulation includes processing of the consonant and vowel portions of the phonemes by emphasizing the portions, and / or by stretching the portions. Further processing includes separating the consonant and vowel portions by time intervals. As the adult improves in their auditory processing, the discriminations are made progressively more difficult by reducing the amount of processing to that of normal speech.

An ESD protection circuit incorporates an ESD shunt device triggered by an ESD trigger network. In non-powered situations, a first RC time constant in the ESD trigger network, corresponds with the time range of the onset an ESD event and controls application of the ESD shunt device in response to the ESD event. A second RC time constant in a shunt trigger network is selected to be longer than the first RC time constant and holds-off triggering of a shunt device during ESD shunt protection. When activated during powered-on operation, the shunt device shunts a resistive element in the ESD trigger network forming a third time constant. The shunt device guards against false triggering during noise on a power rail by maintaining the third time constant in the ESD trigger network. The third time constant ensures that power rail voltage buildup due to noise dissipates before a false trigger develops.

A method on a computing device is provided for enhancing the memory and cognitive ability of an older adult by requiring the adult to listen to two or more aurally processed syllables, presented serially, view the syllables graphically, and then designate the order in which the syllables were aurally presented. A number of trials are presented to the adult. As the adult correctly determines the syllable order in trials, the difficulty of the trials is increased by increasing the number of syllables presented, and by reducing the amount of processing that is applied to the syllables.

The invention relates to an irradiation device and method for the treatment of totally or partially cell-mediated inflammations of the skin, the connective tissue and the viscera, viral and other infectious diseases such as HIV and prionic infections, fungal infections of the skin and the mucous membranes, bacterial diseases of the skin and the mucous membranes as well hand eczema and anal eczema which comprises at least one irradiation device to irradiate a surface treatment area where the wavelength of the emitted radiation to a treatment area is longer than 400 nm and comprises at least one spectral band between 400-500 nm while the radiation device has a gas discharge lamp containing at least gallium, indium or their respective halides as irradiation source, means that less than 7% of the overall optical output are emitted in the UV range, wherein at least 30% of the optical output are emitted in the range of 400-500 nm; and contains means for the generation of optical pulses towards a treatment area with a power density of the optical pulse peaks larger than 0.5 W / cm2 and smaller than 500 W / cm2. The energy of one pulse relates to 0.05-10 J / cm2.

A silicon-on-insulator structure provides an effective drift field for holes, and simultaneously enhanced recombination centers for holes and electrons. The structure includes a silicon substrate, an oxide insulation layer disposed above the silicon substrate, a silicon body layer disposed above the oxide insulation layer, and a field shield gate disposed above the silicon body layer. The field shield gate includes a conductor portion, and an alumina insulation layer disposed beneath the conductor portion. The oxide insulation layer and the silicon body layer each include at least one channel stop region, and at least one recombination center for the recombination of positive- and negative-charge carriers. The effective drift field and enhanced recombination centers facilitate the rapid recombination of the charge carriers, leading to a very small recombination time constant, which overcomes the floating body effect associated with conventional silicon-on-insulator structures.

An MTJ is disclosed in which the free layer and reference layer have a vortex magnetization state that is formed with a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation. The MTJ has a low aspect ratio elliptical shape and the magnetic layers have a dopant that is one of C, N, B, Zr, Ta, Pt, Nb, or Hf to facilitate the flux closure configuration. The vortex magnetization is induced by applying a reverse magnetic field in a direction opposite to the remnant magnetization in a magnetic layer. An anti-ferromagnetic layer is set in an AFM phase after the vortex state is induced in the adjacent reference layer. Switching the vortex state in the free layer involves applying a first field in a first direction to break the vortex and then applying a smaller second field in a reverse direction to a critical point where a vortex of opposite spin is induced.

A light guide plate (12) has a light incidence surface (121) for receiving light, a light emitting surface (123) for emitting light, and a bottom surface (122). The bottom surface has a plurality of diffusion elements (124) arranged thereat. Each diffusion element defines a diffraction grating unit (125) therein. A grating direction of each diffraction grating unit is substantially perpendicular to a main direction of light beams received by the diffraction grating unit. Areas of the diffraction grating units progressively increase with increasing distance away from the light incidence surface. Diffractive capabilities of the diffraction grating units progressively increase with increasing distance away from the light incidence surface. These features improve the overall efficiency of utilization of light, and enable the light emitting surface to output highly uniform light.