The invention relates to a cross-department data sharing system and method based on a block chain technology, the system comprises a query server, a sorting node and a plurality of department storage centers, in each department storage center, a data acquisition module is connected with a data processing server, the data processing server is connected with a distributed storage system and the query server, and the distributed storage system is connected with the query server; and the data processing server is used as a peer node of the block chain, and the sorting node performs information transmission with each department storage center through a message channel. Compared with the prior art, through the blockchain technology, the structured data is directly uploaded and stored, it can be guaranteed that the data cannot be tampered, the original hash value of the unstructured data is uploaded and stored, hash value verification is carried out during subsequent data query, tracing can be carried out, the behavior of tampering the data is further limited, and the security and credibility of the data sharing system are improved.