The invention discloses a road traffic safety management system based on big data. The road traffic safety management system comprises a road image acquisition module, an image preprocessing module, afeature type extraction module, a feature type matching module, a road storage data module, a data transfer analysis module, a vehicle detection module, a vehicle speed optimization analysis module,a management cloud server and a traffic obstruction module. According to the invention, the driving speed of a vehicle on the right-turn lane is analyzed through the vehicle detection module and the vehicle speed optimization analysis module; analysis of vehicle speed, a road image acquisition module, a feature type extraction module, a feature type matching module, a data transfer analysis moduleand a management cloud server are combined; according to the method, the driving comprehensive risk assessment coefficient of the vehicle in the right-turn process is comprehensively analyzed, the risk degree of the vehicle passing through the pedestrian crosswalk according to the current vehicle speed can be visually predicted, the prediction accuracy is high, early control and early warning reminding are facilitated, and traffic accidents are reduced.