The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing equipment, and discloses a heating furnace for keeping centering of an optical fiber preform, the heating furnace comprises a furnace body, a heating piece and a rotating table, the rotating table is arranged above the furnace body, the upper end of the furnace body is connected with a detection piece through the rotating table, and the rotating table comprises a rotating ring and a base. According to the heating furnace for keeping centering of the optical fiber preform and the use method thereof, the eccentricity condition of the preform is measured through the detection piece, then the preform is directly adjusted in place through the movable clamp, starting and stopping in the centering process are reduced, centering errors are reduced, early warning is conducted when the preform is about to collide with the furnace wall, the preform is prevented from colliding with the furnace wall, meanwhile, the operation of secondary delivery is reduced, and the inner diameter of the heating piece is synchronously adjusted after the detection piece detects the outer diameters of different axial positions, so that the gap between the heating piece and the preform rod is always kept at the optimal distance, the heating uniformity is improved, and the wire drawing quality is improved.