The invention discloses a Mongolian medicine for treating osteoporosis and rheumatism. The Mongolian medicine is water-honeyed pills prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine raw materials in parts by weight: 2-10 parts of sapanwood, 1-3 parts of areca catechu seeds, 1-3 parts of galanga, 0.5-2 parts of tsaoko amomum fruits, 0.5-2 parts of costus roots, 1-3 parts of amomum cardamomum, 1-5 parts of radix asparagi, 1-5 parts of gymnadenia conopsea, 1-5 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 1-5 parts of semen myristicae, 1-5 parts of eugenia caryophyllata and 1-5 parts of syringa pinnatifolia roots or stems. According to the Mongolian medicine disclosed by the invention, various traditional Chinese medicines are reasonable in compatibility, not only have components capable of tonifyingthe liver and the kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles and improving the immune competence of organisms but also have components capable of eliminating dampness, relieving a pain, inducing diuresis for removing edema, relieving exterior syndromes and dispelling cold, so that the purpose of comprehensively and integrally conditioning bodies and treating both manifestation and root cause of adisease can be achieved. The water-honeyed pills disclosed by the invention are delicate in nature, moderate in effects, suitable for patients suffering from chronic diseases of osteoporosis and rheumatism to use, and convenient to carry and take.