The invention discloses a self-adaptive pre-read method which is based on the caching of a file system. The method comprises the following steps that: firstly, a pre-read sector service record is established; secondly, each time the pre-read operation is executed, the pre-read sector number is recorded in the pre-read sector service record; thirdly, when the pre-read sector is used, the used pre-read sector number is recorded in the pre-read sector service record; fourthly, according to the prior pre-read sector number and the used pre-read sector number, the utilization rate of the prrior pre-read sector is calculated, and the pre-read sector number in the current pre-read operation is determined according to the utilization rate.