The present application relates to the technical field of
drill bit, in particular to a small-
diameter deep-hole stepped drilling method and
drill bit. It comprises a guiding and centering part, a stepped
cutting part and a tool shank part connected in sequence, and the tool body is provided with main
chip removal grooves and auxiliary shearing grooves with different lead angles, and the grooves are staggered in phase. The
drill bit axis is provided with a high-pressure internal
cooling channel, and a micro radial jet hole with a specific back-swept angle is arranged near the rear flank surface of each
cutting part. The self-adaptive drilling method matched with the
drill bit automatically switches to a high-frequency pulsating feed mode when the spindle load increases by real-time monitoring of the spindle load, so that the feed speed fluctuates periodically according to an
asymmetric waveform. Through the synergistic effect of mechanical shearing, directional jet and feed pulsation, the present application realizes the instant breaking, directional
discharge and effective cooling of chips, solves the problems of
chip removal blockage,
insufficient cooling and poor precision in small-
diameter deep-hole stepped
machining, and significantly improves the
machining efficiency, coaxial accuracy and tool life.