The invention discloses an optimizing method of enriched 
ammonia-oxidizing 
bacteria in an 
activated sludge population structure, belongs to the technical field of enhanced biological 
sewage denitrification processing, aims at solving the practical problems of trenchant running condition requirements, long cultivation time of enriched 
ammonia-oxidizing 
bacteria and high running 
energy consumption in current denitrifying techniques with short-course 
nitration and 
denitrification, and develops the optimizing method of enriched 
ammonia-oxidizing 
bacteria of the 
activated sludge population structure according to the growth characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and 
nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in an 
activated sludge processing system. The optimizing method of enriched ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the activated 
sludge population structure is mainly characterized in that a 
nitration reaction process is controlled with parameters of pH value and DO, 
aeration is halted before ammonia peak valley appears, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria is completely proliferated, proliferation chance of NOB is deprived, and 
nitrite-oxidizing bacteria is eliminated from the 
system by controlling 
sludge age, thus achieving the goal for the 
quick start of short-course 
nitration and 
denitrification. A 
bisection method is utilized in the operating process so as to determine the optimal time for advancing 
aeration halt. Furthermore, the optimizing method of enriched ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the activated 
sludge population structure has the advantages of short reaction period, high enrichment efficiency, simple operation and the like.