The invention discloses a simulation scene building method and device, a terminal device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first preset instruction through the terminal device, and determining a virtual component corresponding to an actual production device according to the first preset instruction; obtaining a second preset instruction, and generating a preset question according to the second preset instruction, wherein the preset question is used for training about the actual production device; and obtaining a third preset instruction, calling the virtual component to build a simulation scene according to the third preset instruction, and associating the virtual component with the preset question. Therefore, according to the simulation scene building method provided by the invention, the simulation scene can be independently built by a trainee without the participation of developers, and trainees are trained through the simulation scene and related exercises, so that the simulation scene is built on the basis of low threshold and low cost, and the post training quality and the production management efficiency are improved.