38results about "Bed hydrotreatment processes apparatus" patented technology

Electrical power derived from a renewable energy source is used to perform water electrolysis to produce oxygen and hydrogen. A flue gas and heat are produced from combustion of a fuel using at least a portion of the oxygen generated by electrolysis. A feed stream including hydrocarbon oil is hydroprocessed using the generated heat and at least a portion of the hydrogen generated by electrolysis to produce a product including a saturated hydrocarbon. At least a portion of the flue gas is hydrogenated using at least a portion of the hydrogen generated by electrolysis to produce a second product stream including a hydrocarbon, an oxygenate, or both.

A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.

The invention relates to a process and plant for hydrotreating a liquid oil stream such as pyrolysis oil stream by, in continuous operation in a fixed bed reactor, reacting the liquid oil stream with hydrogen in the presence of a reduced nickel (Ni) catalyst at a temperature of 80-250°C, a pressure of 10-200 barg, a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.1-6.0 h-1, and a hydrogen to liquid oil ratio, defined as the volume ratio of hydrogen to the flow of the liquid oil stream, of 100-8000 NL / L, thereby forming a stabilized liquid oil stream.

The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for hydrotreating a liquid oil stream, such as a pyrolysis oil stream, by continuously operating in a fixed bed reactor, in the presence of a reduced nickel (Ni) catalyst, the liquid oil stream is reacted with hydrogen at a temperature of 80-250 DEG C, a pressure of 10-200 barg, a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.1-6.0 h <-1 >, and a hydrogen / liquid oil ratio (defined as the volume ratio of hydrogen to liquid oil stream flow) of 100-8000 NL / L to form a stabilized liquid oil stream.

The present invention is a method for producing a catalyst-free olefin by continuous operation in a fixed-bed reactor at a temperature of 80 to 250°C, a total pressure of 10 to 200 barg, and a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.1 to 6 h -1 and a method for hydrotreating a nitrogen-enriched liquid oil stream by reacting said nitrogen-enriched liquid oil stream with hydrogen, thereby producing a stabilized liquid oil stream.

A method for preparing a hydrodemetallization catalyst, belonging to the field of catalyst preparation technology, includes the following steps: impregnating spherical carbon particles with an iron-containing solution and drying them; mixing the dried carbon particles uniformly with alumina sol and forming droplets; drying and calcining the formed products to obtain an iron-modified alumina support; immersing the iron-modified alumina support in an organic ammonium solution for a first and second hydrothermal treatment; drying and calcining the treated products to obtain a treated alumina support; impregnating the treated alumina support with an active component impregnation solution; drying and calcining the impregnated support to obtain the hydrodemetallization catalyst. The catalyst prepared by this method exhibits high dehydrogenation, Ni removal, and V removal activity, while also possessing high tolerance for metal impurities. This catalyst is particularly suitable for the hydrotreating of heavy oil with high Ni impurity content.

A process for the treatment of a mixed plastic waste comprising: (I) pyrolyzing a mixed plastic waste in a pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 250 to 700ºC and a pressure of 1.0 to 100 bar to form a pyoil; (II) directly transferring the pyoil to a hydrotreatment unit, optionally via a filter, and subjecting said pyoil to hydrotreatment with a catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature of 250 to 700ºC and a pressure of 1.0 to 100 bar to form a hydrotreated pyoil; (III) recycling a portion of the hydrotreated pyoil directly from the hydrotreatment unit to the pyrolysis reactor.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for producing hydrogen among other products. In some embodiments, the method includes continuously performing a cracking step in a fixed bed mode and a flowing step in a fluidized bed mode. Such a continuous process may provide several advantages, including, for example, a step of regenerating a catalyst during the fluidized bed mode so that useful heat is generated for use in the endothermic cracking step.

A liquid / gas reactor is disclosed, which includes a primary catalyst bed having an inlet end and an outlet end, a means for feeding a primary feed stream to the inlet end of the primary catalyst bed, the primary feed stream including fresh feed and recycled at least partially converted liquid product, a secondary catalyst bed having an inlet end and an outlet end, the secondary catalyst bed extending substantially vertically through the primary catalyst bed, a means for feeding a secondary feed stream to the inlet end of the secondary catalyst bed, the secondary feed stream including recycled at least partially converted liquid product, a means for collecting the at least partially converted liquid product from the outlet end of the primary catalyst bed and recycling at least a portion of the at least partially converted liquid product to the inlet ends of the primary catalyst bed and the secondary catalyst bed, a separating wall between the primary and secondary catalyst beds, a means for feeding a primary gas stream only to the inlet end of the primary catalyst bed, and a means for feeding a secondary gas stream only to the inlet end of the secondary catalyst bed. A method for carrying out a gas-liquid reaction using the reactor is also disclosed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst unloading protection, and particularly relates to a hydrogenation catalyst film-forming flame retardant and a preparation method and application thereof.The hydrogenation catalyst film-forming flame retardant is prepared from, by weight, 90-95 parts of oxygen-containing hydrocarbon, 1-5 parts of cross-linked grafted nano-silica, 5-10 parts of anionic surfactant, 0.5-1 part of dispersing agent and 5-10 parts of cosolvent. The cross-linked grafted nano silicon dioxide is dispersed in oxygen-containing hydrocarbon to form a nano fluid, so that the permeability of the film-forming flame retardant is improved, and the cross-linked grafted nano silicon dioxide quickly permeates into a caked catalyst to form a more uniform and compact passive film.

The invention relates to the technical field of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil hydrocracking, and discloses a Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil hydrogenation catalyst grading method and a Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil hydrocracking method. The method comprises the steps that a replaceable area and a main reaction area which are connected in series are sequentially arranged in the material flow direction, the replaceable area is provided with two rotation areas which are connected in parallel, during normal operation of the device, at least one rotation area and the main reaction area operate online at the same time, and the single rotation area is sequentially filled with protective agents A1, A2 and A3 in the material flow direction; and the main reaction zone is filled with a cracking catalyst B1. According to the method, various protective agents are adopted for grading, and impurities in Fischer-Tropsch oil are intercepted step by step; meanwhile, the active center of the protective agent is adjusted, the alkali metal adsorption-interception capability is improved, and the toxicity of alkali metal to the cracking main agent is reduced.

The present invention relates to multi-bed catalytic reactor with a cylindrical shape comprising a distribution device further comprising a feed distributor which is separate from a recycle fluid distributor and thus protects the feed against the higher recycle fluid temperatures.

The present invention is directed to an upwardly convex fixed-bed catalyst support (18) for a hydroprocessing reactor (10). The catalyst bed support (18) includes an upwardly convex annular-shaped perforated plate having an outer end in communication with the reactor inner surface (14), and an inner end in communication with a horizontal hub assembly.

The present invention relates to a process for hydrotreating a nitrogen rich liquid oil stream by, in a continuous operation in a fixed bed reactor, reacting the nitrogen rich liquid oil stream with hydrogen in the presence of catalyst at a temperature of 80-250°C, a pressure of 10-200 barg, a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.1 - 6 h-1, thereby forming a stabilized liquid oil stream.

There is provided a process for hydrotreating a liquid oil stream in a continuous operation in a fixed bed reactor; wherein the liquid stream is a thermochemical decomposition oil stream, and contains polymerisable reactive compounds; wherein the fixed bed reactor comprises at least a first reactor bed containing a first hydrotreatment catalyst and a second reactor bed containing a second hydrotreatment catalyst; the process comprising the steps of: (i) in a first operation period, passing at least 50 vol.% of the liquid oil stream through the first reactor bed and subsequently through the second reactor bed; (ii) in a second operation period, on determination of deposition of material formed from the polymerisable reactive compounds on the first reactor bed, passing a reduced proportion of the liquid oil stream through the first reactor bed, and passing an increased proportion of the liquid oil stream through the second reactor bed having not passed through the first reactor bed.

A method for enabling gas exchange and chemical reactions with one or more liquid streams contained in a reactive process vessel are provided. One or more exchange layers within the process vessel can be composed of both collector media and releaser media. The exchange layers allow elements to facilitate increased performance of vessel operations by promoting gas component mixing and diffusion. Improved rates of gas component exchange mean less coking and more gas components available for reaction.

The present disclosure refers to systems and methods for producing hydrogen among other products. In some embodiments the methods comprise sequentially conducting a cracking step in a fixed bed mode and conducting a flowing step in a fluidized bed mode. Such sequential processes may result in a number of advantages including, for example, regenerating the catalyst during the fluidized bed mode in a manner such that beneficial heat is generated for use in the endothermic cracking step.

A layered catalyst reactor system and process for hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The layered catalyst system reactors comprise vertical bed layers including a demetallization catalyst layer, multiple layers of supported hydrotreating catalyst layer, and multiple alternating layers of supported hydrocracking catalysts and self-supported hydrotreating catalysts. The arrangement of the catalyst layers mitigates the risk of temperature run-aways, with improvements in hydrotreatment performance.

Methods and systems for converting a renewable fuel intermediate composition to finished transportation fuel are provided herein. In some examples, a renewable fuel intermediate composition is flowed over a first catalyst in a first reaction zone to generate a saturated, hydrodeoxygenated product. A liquid portion of the renewable fuel intermediate composition may be characterized as having more than about 70 wt% of the oxygen being within ketone groups. The saturated, hydrodeoxygenated product may be flowed over a second fixed-bed catalyst in a second reaction zone to generate a product including the finished transportation fuel.

An adsorbent is in a liquid-phase hydrogenation catalyst composition. A catalyst bed containing the liquid-phase hydrogenation catalyst composition may be applicable in adsorption technology or oil liquid-phase hydrogenation technology. The adsorbent contains a porous material and a hydrogenation active metal supported on the porous material. The adsorbent has an average pore diameter of 2-15 nm, a specific surface area of 200-500 m2 / g, and the hydrogenation active metal is present in an amount, calculated as metal oxide, of 2.5 wt % or less, based on the total weight of the adsorbent. The adsorbent has a high hydrogen sulfide adsorption efficiency for a long period of time, and can effectively prolong the protection period for the hydrodesulfurization catalyst.

A hydrotreatment reactor bed is provided, which comprises – in order – a first layer, a second layer, a third layer and a fourth layer. The BET-surface area, the total pore volume and the pore size distribution of the carrier materials in each layer are selected purposively, so as to best remove impurities, in particular phosphorous and / or silicon containing species.

1. A method for treating mixed plastic waste, comprising: (I) pyrolyzing the mixed plastic waste in a pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 250-700°C and a pressure of 1.0-100 bar to form pyrolysis oil; (II) transferring the pyrolysis oil directly to a hydrotreating unit, optionally through a filter, and subjecting the pyrolysis oil to catalytic hydrotreatment in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature of 250-700°C and a pressure of 1.0-100 bar to form a hydrotreated pyrolysis oil; (III) directly recycling a portion of the hydrotreated pyrolysis oil from the hydrotreating unit to the pyrolysis reactor. The method comprising:

The present invention relates to a method for processing a feedstock from a renewable source comprising triglycerides and / or fatty acids and / or esters, said method comprising the steps of: a) a step of hydrotreating said feedstock in the presence of hydrogen and at least one hydrotreatment catalyst in a fixed bed, said step being performed at a temperature of between 280 and 410°C, a relative pressure of between 2.0 and 13.0 MPa, and a liquid hourly space velocity of between 0.3 and 5 h-1, and obtaining a hydrotreated effluent; b) a step of hydrocracking the hydrotreated effluent obtained in step a) in the presence of hydrogen and at least one hydrocracking catalyst in a fixed bed, at a temperature of between 280 and 410°C, said step being performed at a pressure of between 2.0 MPa and 13.0 MPa and at a liquid hourly space velocity of between 0.5 and 10 h-1, and obtaining a hydrocracked effluent; c) a step of separating the hydrocracked effluent obtained in step b), and obtaining at least one gaseous effluent comprising hydrogen and a liquid hydrocarbon effluent; d) a step of stripping the liquid hydrocarbon effluent obtained in step c), and obtaining at least one off-gas cut and a stripped liquid effluent; e) a step of fractionating the stripped liquid effluent obtained in step d), and obtaining at least one paraffin-rich naphtha cut; f) a step of steam cracking at least some, preferably all, of the naphtha cut obtained in step e) and obtaining at least one bio-based gaseous effluent comprising ethylene and propylene.

The present invention relates to a multi-bed catalytic reactor having a cylindrical shape with a distribution device, further comprising a feed distributor separated from the recycle fluid distributor, thus protecting the feed from high recycle fluid temperatures.

A multi-zone filtration device for a down-flow catalytic hydroprocessing reactor is disclosed. The filtration device may be used in the petroleum and chemical processing industries in catalytic reactions of hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks in the presence of hydrogen, at an elevated temperature and pressure, to remove contaminants from mixed gas and liquid feedstreams to reactor catalyst beds. The filtration device may be provided as a horizontal installation at the top of a reactor, whereby feedstream liquid is passed through filtration media zones in a radial flow direction. In one zone, the flow is radially outward from the center of a zone of the filtration device to the wall of the reactor. In another zone, the flow is radially inward from the wall of the reactor to the center of a zone of the filtration device. The liquid flows to the reactor catalyst bed after passing through the filtration device. Among the benefits provided are the minimization of scale and small / fine particulates that reach the catalyst bed below the device, reduced pressure drop through the reactor, even when the filter is completely fouled, the potential for added catalyst volume due to the reduced need to use catalyst grading materials, and the improved potential for reduced maintenance needs during reactor operation, e.g., top bed skimming or filtration media replacement, thereby extending the reactor run time length.

The invention provides a waste plastic and heavy oil co-processing technology which comprises the following steps: S1, uniformly mixing waste plastic and heavy oil, feeding the mixture into a fixed bed hydrogenation reaction zone, and carrying out waste plastic pre-depolymerization and heavy oil demetallization reaction in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrofining catalyst; s2, a reaction material obtained in the fixed bed hydrogenation reaction zone enters a fluidized bed reaction zone to be in contact with a conversion catalyst for co-conversion of the waste plastics and the heavy oil, and the reaction material obtained after the reaction is completed is separated to obtain a target product. According to the waste plastic and heavy oil co-processing technology, synergistic efficient conversion of heavy oil and waste plastic can be achieved.

The invention provides a catalyst grading method for treating direct coal liquefaction oil, which comprises the following steps: feeding hydrogen and the direct coal liquefaction oil into a plurality of fixed bed reactors to treat the direct coal liquefaction oil. Wherein the plurality of fixed bed reactors comprise a first fixed bed reactor, a second fixed bed reactor and a third fixed bed reactor which are sequentially connected in series, and three bed layers of the first fixed bed reactor are sequentially filled with a hydrogenation protection catalyst, a hydrogenation transition agent and a hydrodemetallization catalyst; two bed layers of the second fixed bed reactor are sequentially filled with a hydrogenation mitigation cracking agent and a bimetallic hydroisomerization catalyst, and the third fixed bed reactor is filled with a deep hydrogenation saturation catalyst. According to the method, the catalysts with different functions are graded according to certain requirements, so that directional hydrogenation of different components in the direct coal liquefaction oil is realized, and the production efficiency of preparing the high-performance aviation kerosene fuel from the direct coal liquefaction oil by utilizing a fixed bed reactor in the industry is effectively improved.

The invention relates to a method for producing C2-C4 olefins from methanol and ethanol, said method having the steps of: A) feeding a methanol- and optionally ethanol-containing feed flow A into a dimethyl ether fixed-bed reactor and catalytically reacting methanol to form dimethyl ether, wherein a product flow A1 containing dimethyl ether, methanol, ethanol and steam is obtained; B) mixing the flow A1 with at least one hydrocarbon return flow R containing C2-C6 hydrocarbons and catalytically reacting the mixture in an olefin fixed-bed reactor to form a raw product flow B containing C2-C4 olefins, C5-C6 hydrocarbon and C7+ hydrocarbons; C) cooling the raw product flow B, wherein a hydrocarbon raw product flow C is obtained; D) separating the hydrocarbon raw product flow C in a propylene-containing value product flow, optionally an ethylene-containing value product flow, a butene-containing value product flow, at least one C5-C6 hydrocarbon-containing return flow and at least one C6+ hydrocarbon-containing auxiliary product flow; E) returning a part of the C2-C4 olefins and at least a part of the C5-C6 hydrocarbons as one or more hydrocarbon return flows in step B); F) recovering a propylene-containing value product flow, an ethylene-containing value product flow and optionally a butene-containing value product flow; G) discharging the C6+ hydrocarbon-containing auxiliary product flow; characterised in that the flow A, in relation to methanol and ethanol, contains <1 wt. % or 30 to 50 wt. % ethanol, wherein, in relation to 100 wt. % of the C2-C4 olefins recovered as value products, 30 to 60 wt. % ethylene, 30 to 60 wt. % propylene, and 0 to 30 wt. % butene are recovered as value products, and, in relation to the C2-C4 olefins contained in the raw product flow B, 0 to 40% of the ethylene, 40 to 90% of the propylene, and 0 to 100% of the butene are fed back in step B), or the flow A, in relation to methanol and ethanol, contains 1 to 30 wt. % ethanol, wherein, in relation to 100 wt. % of the C2-C4 olefins recovered as value products, 0 to 20 wt. % ethylene, 70 to 100 wt. % propylene, and 1 to 20 wt. % butene are recovered as value products, and, in relation to the 40 C2-C4 olefins contained in the raw product flow B, 0 to 100% of the ethylene, 0 to 20% of the propylene and 40 to 100% of the butene are fed back in step B).

The present invention relates to a process for treating a feedstock from a renewable source, said process comprising the steps of: a) a hydrotreatment step, and obtaining a hydrotreated effluent; b) a hydrocracking step of the hydrotreated effluent obtained in step a), and obtaining a hydrocracking effluent; c) a separation step of the hydrocracking effluent obtained in step b), and obtaining at least one hydrocarbon liquid effluent; d) a stripping step of the hydrocarbon liquid effluent obtained in step c), and obtaining at least one stripped liquid effluent; e) a fractionation step of the stripped liquid effluent obtained in step d), and obtaining at least one paraffin-rich naphtha cut; f) a steam cracking step of at least a portion of the naphtha cut obtained in step e), and obtaining at least one bio-based gaseous effluent comprising ethylene and propylene. Figure 1 to be published

The present invention provides a process for hydrotreating a liquid oil stream in continuous operation in a fixed bed reactor; wherein the liquid stream is a thermochemically decomposed oil stream and contains a polymerizable reactive compound; wherein the fixed bed reactor comprises at least a first reactor bed comprising a first hydrotreating catalyst and a second reactor bed comprising a second hydrotreating catalyst; the process comprises the steps of: (i) passing at least 50 vol.% of a flow of liquid oil through a first reactor bed and then through a second reactor bed in a first operational cycle; (ii) in a second operating cycle, upon determining that a material formed from the polymerizable reactive compound is deposited on the first reactor bed, passing a flow of liquid oil with a reduced proportion through the first reactor bed and passing a flow of liquid oil with an increased proportion through the second reactor bed and not through the first reactor bed.