The invention provides a method for preparing a powder metallurgy complex shape part by using a 3D printing mold. A 3D printing technology and a gel-casting forming technology are combined, namely a 3D printer is used for printing a thin-wall hollow part minus mold in a complex shape, the gel-casting technology is used for preparing metal slurry, after a catalyst and an initiator are added, the metal slurry is injected into the part minus mold, the metal slurry is solidified and dried, then organic solvent is used for dissolving a plastic mold or the plastic mold is subjected to thermal decomposition to be removed, so that a formed part blank body is obtained, and after the part blank body is dried, degummed and sintered, the needed powder metallurgy part is obtained. The method is capable of being used for preparing powder metallurgy parts of any complex shape, even and small in part tissue, stable and reliable in technology, high in operability, short in consumed time, high in efficiency, low in cost and beneficial to industrial production for preparation of the powder metallurgy parts through the 3D printing technology.