The invention belongs to the technical field of monitoring equipment, and specifically relates to a security monitoring system and a control method thereof. The security monitoring system comprises abase and a camera body used for monitoring; the security monitoring system further comprises a dustproof and water proof protection device and a controller; the controller is used for controlling thework of equipment; the camera body is installed inside the protection device through the base; the protection device comprises a protective shell, a light-transmitting hole, a sponge brush, high-permeability glass, a No.1 mounting plate, a No.2 mounting plate, a driving gear, a limiting gear, a No.1 rotating shaft, a No.2 rotating shaft, an annular sliding groove, an annular gear, a slider and a micro speed regulating motor; and the protective shell is of a horizontally-arranged cylindrical hollow structure, and one side, far away from the base, of the protective shell is provided with the light-transmitting hole. According to the security monitoring system provided by the invention, the protection device is arranged on the camera body, so that a camera is protected, and dust under a mineis prevented from covering the camera body, thus a monitored picture is ensured not to be shielded.