The invention relates to a scalable layered coding based multi-path transmission scheme, which comprises the following steps that: a sink node builds an energy time delay gradient ET and a time delay gradient T for each node; a video sequence is subjected to M-class scalable coding, and a bit rate of each layer after coding is ...., (wherein <K2 <...<), different marks are set for a basic layer and enhancement layers, P represents a channel bandwidth, if, then the base layer is transmitted only; if (1<q<M), then first q bitstream layers are transmitted, if, then M bitstream layers are transmitted; a first data packet in the bitstream layer to be transmitted is selected to be used as a detection data packet to be sent to the sink node; the sink node receives the detection data packet to carry out reverse path enhancement; and the subsequent bitstream layers select paths that the data packets with the same mark value pass to be used as transmission paths to send the data to the sink node. By using the scheme provided by the invention, the change in network bandwidth can be adapted, and the business requirements of different bandwidth users can be met.