The invention relates to a reciprocating type maize sequencing charging mechanism of a maize sheller and belongs to the field of maize processing. The reciprocating type maize sequencing charging mechanism consists of a machine frame, an eccentric shaft, a connecting member, a guide rail, two sliding blocks, an oscillating deck, a hopper and a protective cover. Maize falls into the hopper and enters a tray, a bearing race and a bearing seat are matched with each other, a motor drives the eccentric shaft to rotate, rotation driven by the eccentric shaft enables the connecting member to oscillate back and forth, and the machine frame and the tray are fixed together, so that the tray and a sequencing plate move leftwards and rightwards together; and the two sliding blocks can reciprocate on a guiding rod, and the left-and-right oscillation of a screen plate is achieved through driving the eccentric shaft by the motor, so that sequencing for the maize is realized, and primary-stage charge preparation work for the shelling of fresh maize is completed. The entire process is automated and is relatively high in efficiency, so that the requirements of the maize sheller on feeding are met. The reciprocating type maize sequencing charging mechanism has the advantages of high efficiency, practicability, simple structure and convenience in repair.