The invention discloses a phased array ultrasonic detection method for a weld joint of an aluminum alloy sheet. The phased array ultrasonic detection method comprises the following steps of: a, pretreating a detected surface; b, designing a tile-shaped focusing probe according to the weld joint detection requirement of an aluminum alloy sheet, and enabling electrons in phased array ultrasonic detection to generate a focusing effect; c, preparing portable equipment for phased array ultrasonic detection, a detection wedge block and a calibration test block; d, calibrating the accuracy of the detection wedge block, calibrating the sound velocity and the sensitivity, and calibrating an encoder; and e, performing detection on site, and then analyzing and judging according to phased array detection data and images to finish detection. During use, phased array ultrasonic beams can be physically focused in the transverse direction, acoustic beams can be better focused in a weld joint, the acoustic energy of a focusing area is improved, the influence of factors such as acoustic energy attenuation and acoustic scattering on the signal-to-noise ratio can be reduced, the detection effect of air holes in the weld joint of an aluminum alloy sheet is improved, the blind area of weld joint detection is reduced, the primary wave coverage area is increased, and the detection reliability is improved.