The invention discloses a method for efficiently spraying, evaporating and coring desulfurization wastewater in a thermal power plant. The method comprises the following steps: introducing desulfurization wastewater into a wastewater flowing channel, mixing dust-containing fume with additives, subsequently introducing into an inner side air flue, introducing compressed air of high pressure and high flow velocity into an outer side air flue, after the desulfurization wastewater is sprayed, firstly, mixing with ejected dust-containing fume and the additives for chemical reaction subsequently, further crushing and atomizing the desulfurization wastewater by high-speed air ejected from the outer side flue, and further feeding into the flue for evaporating and coring. The method adopts an inner/outer side flue mode, the desulfurization wastewater is firstly subjected to chemical reaction with the mixture of the dust-containing fume and the additives to form sediment particles, furthermore the coring effect of the dust particles and the sediment particles in the fume is utilized to enhance atomization, evaporation and crystallization coring of wastewater, and finally liquid drops are crushed and atomized by the high-speed air. By adopting the method, the time that the wastewater drops are evaporated and cored in the tail gas flue of a boiler is shortened, the particles after the evaporation and crystallization coring are easy to capture in a dust collector, and thus zero emission of desulfurization wastewater is achieved.