156results about How to "Inexpensive solution" patented technology

A packet forwarding method and apparatus performs multiprotocol routing (for IP and IPX protocols) and switching. Incoming data packets are examined and the flow (i.e., source and destination addresses and source and destination socket numbers) with which they are associated is determined. A flow table contains forwarding information that can be applied to the flow. If an entry is not present in the table for the particular flow, the packet is forwarded to the CPU to be processed. The CPU can then update the table with new forwarding information to be applied to all future packets belonging to the same flow. When the forwarding information is already present in the table, packets can thus be forwarded at wire speed. A dedicated ASIC is preferably employed to contain the table, as well as the engine for examining the packets and forwarding them according to the stored information. Decision-making tasks are thus more efficiently partitioned between the switch and the CPU so as to minimize processing overhead.

PCT No. PCT/DE97/01663 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 22, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 22, 1998 PCT Filed Aug. 7, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO98/20252 PCT Pub. Date May 14, 1998The starter apparatus for an internal combustion engine (2) includes a starter-generator including a device for rotating a flywheel (5) to a predetermined rotational speed and a device for rotating the crankshaft (3) of the engine to directly start the engine; at least one clutch (6, 7) for directly coupling or disengaging the flywheel (5) with the crankshaft (3) of the engine (2) so that the flywheel (5) starts the engine (2) with the rotational energy stored in the flywheel (5) by the starter-generator in an impulse starting method and a changeover device (11) for changing between the impulse starting method based on engagement of the flywheel (5) with the engine (2) and a direct starting method in which the starter-generator (4) is directly coupled to the engine, wherein the changeover device switches between the direct starting method and the impulse starting method as a function of a temperature of the engine (2) so that the impulse starting method is used at comparatively lower temperatures and the direct-starting method is used at comparatively higher temperatures. The starter apparatus also includes a device for adaptively determining the threshold for changeover between impulse starting and direct starting.

A substantially oxygen-free and nitrogen-free plasma ashing process for removing photoresist in the presence of a low k material from a semiconductor substrate includes forming reactive species by exposing a plasma gas composition to an energy source to form plasma. The plasma gas composition is substantially free from oxygen-bearing and nitrogen-bearing gases. The plasma selectively removes the photoresist from the underlying substrate containing low k material by exposing the photoresist to substantially oxygen and nitrogen free reactive species. The process can be used with carbon containing low k dielectric materials.

Battery exchange system for a battery-driven industrial truck, in which the chassis of the industrial truck comprises a battery compartment open to the side of the industrial truck for side installation and removal of a battery container, on the battery container on at least two opposing sides at least one respective laterally projecting support element being attached with a downwardly facing bearing surface and the battery compartment on opposing sides comprising horizontal support surfaces spaced apart from one another in parallel on which the support elements are supported with their bearing surfaces, when the battery container is inserted into the battery compartment.

An insert for use in allowing spark plugs, fasteners, couplings for hydraulic fittings and pipe threads of a given dimension to be used in a material.

A wireless communication system including flexible wireless handsets with modular electronic components selected for operation within multiple systems. The units may be configured for removable connection to a variety of cartridges to provide a versatile communication device. A cartridge may be selected for the replacement of one or more existing cartridges within the handset to provide varying degrees of flexibility including the selection of a different featureset for the handset and compatible operation within different wireless systems. Methods are further provided for upgrading and reconfiguring cellular telephones and wireless communication devices for operation within different systems. A flexible wireless telephone with an original removable cartridge may include later-substituted cartridges to improve or change the featureset of the telephone, and may also enable a user to replace the internal electronics of a handset with different internal electronics for use within a different wireless system. A consumer may be thus provided with extended use the same flexible wireless telephone handset yet still migrate to a new wireless system by installing cartridges with desired featuresets within the selected wireless telephone system(s).

A sun shade pool typically used by small children in an above-the-ground environment for use in the out-of-doors and method therefore is disclosed which is directed to an inflatable pool and a removable sun shade canopy mounted upon the inflatable pool for blocking direct sun light. The inflatable pool can be multiple-tiered in height and include a bottom wall. The removable sun shade canopy is attachable to and detachable from a top surface of the inflatable pool by a plurality of hook and loop fasteners. The sun shade pool can be fashioned from polyvinylchloride sheeting, include a plurality of inflation air valves for inflating the pool and canopy, and a drain plug for rapidly draining water from the pool. In its most fundamental embodiment, the sun shade pool exhibits a construction including an inflatable pool having a sidewall sealed to a bottom wall for containing a fluid. A removable sun shade canopy for covering a top surface of the inflatable pool is also included. The canopy incorporates a pair of inflatable arched tubes attachably and detachably mounted to the top surface of the inflatable pool by a plurality of hook and loop fasteners. A sun blocking fabric is also suspended between the pair of inflatable arched tubes.

A semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device are provided. A semiconductor device comprises a first single-crystal semiconductor layer including a first channel formation region and a first impurity region over a substrate having an insulating surface, a first gate insulating layer over the first single-crystal semiconductor layer, a gate electrode over the first gate insulating layer, a first interlayer insulating layer over the first gate insulating layer, a second gate insulating layer over the gate electrode and the first interlayer insulating layer, and a second single-crystal semiconductor layer including a second channel formation region and a second impurity region over the second gate insulating layer. The first channel formation region, the gate electrode, and the second channel formation region are overlapped with each other.

A hand-held power tool inclLldes motor-driven drive shaft (4) for driving a working tool (9) and located in the tool housing (1), and a suction device (2) formed as a modular unit releasably connectable wYith the tool housing (1) and having a suction conduit (5), a receiving chamber (7), a precipitation device (8) located in the receiving chamber (7), and an impeller (6) driven by the drive shaft (4) of the power tool and located between the suction conduit (5) and the precipitation device (8).

A system and method for selling advertising may include operating an electronic display network operating in a retail store. The network may include electronic displays interspersed among product displays and arranged to present a shopper with each advertisement among multiple repeating advertisements a predicted number of multiple times as a function of shopper metrics and a configuration of the electronic display network during a shopping trip in the retail store. Airtime may be sold to an advertiser for an advertisement to be displayed on the electronic display network.

An emergency response training and exercise facility and complex. The emergency response training and exercise facility includes a site facility and preferably a plurality of modular units to provide one or more simulated disaster environments or scenarios.

A seat mounting rail for securing seats to a floor of a passenger aircraft is made of a seat securing upper section and a rail mounting lower section. Both sections are made of different metals. The upper section is made of a titanium alloy for corrosion protection. The lower rail section is made of an aluminum alloy for weight reduction. The interconnection between the two sections is made as a thermal joint for example formed as a laser weld, which is preferably a butt weld to save welding material.

A circuit arrangement for phase modulation in an input circuit of a backscattering transponder includes a varactor and at least one capacitor connected in series between two antenna terminals, and at least two voltage sources selectively connected through at least two switches to at least one terminal of the varactor. A control unit selectively opens and closes the switches in response to the data to be phase-modulated onto the backscattered signal. By selectively connecting the different voltage values of the respective voltage sources to the varactor terminal(s) through the switches, the capacitance of the varactor and correspondingly the input impedance of the input circuit are thereby varied, so as to provide respective different phase positions of the phase modulation.

The process and apparatus of this invention can be used to separate and recover particles from a liquid sample. The preferred embodiment of this invention is to separate and recover microorganisms, particularly Cryptosporidium oocysts, from a variety of environmental sources. The process consists of applying a municipal drinking water coagulation scheme to an environmental water sample, and the aforementioned water sample is then filtered through an apparatus containing a granular filter material. The analyte is then recovered by agitating the filter vigorously (with a dispersing agent inside) and removing the eluent from the filtration apparatus. The eluent can then by aliquotted and assayed by any means available. The floc resulting from the coagulant addition can typically be dissolved at low pH. The filter apparatus is simply a container that allows the passage of water through a granular material while retaining the granular material via a mesh, screen, or similar material.

This invention relates to the process of collecting heat and removing heat from a heat pipe for solar energy applications. More specifically, this invention is a solar energy system that elegantly couples a heat pipe and a single header heat transfer assembly that has the capability of interchangeable operational designs using solar collector panel, solar vacuum tube, or integrated solar thermal and photovoltaic array configurations. The header assembly is structurally and thermally connected to the heat pipe by a heat pipe receiver which surrounds the condenser end of the heat pipe and plugs into the interior of the header assembly.

An axle with wheel hub drive including an electric motor (3) cooled with cooling fluid is proposed in which an external cooling is incorporated in the wheel heads (2) of the axle (1).

A device for removing and smearing cells for a cytological examination with a handle at whose front end a device for the collection of the cells is arranged. The device provides an economical solution for cell collection and a reliable solution for smearing on a microscope slide. The device is embodied as a cone tapering towards the front in which a stabilizing device acting on a longitudinal extension of the cone is arranged.

A method and system for controlling regenerative braking of a hybrid electric vehicle. The regenerative braking system has a driver-operable brake pedal, a hydraulically actuated friction brake for at least one front wheel, an anti-lock braking system hydraulically connected to said hydraulically actuated friction brake, and an electrically actuated friction brake for at least one rear wheel. The regenerative braking system further comprises an electric machine connected to said at least one rear wheel and capable of performing regenerative braking of said at least one rear wheel, and an electronic control unit that controls the stability of said hybrid electric vehicle, wherein said regenerative braking system is configured to provide increased braking torque of said front hydraulically actuated friction brake by means of said anti-lock braking system for compensating a decreased or limited rear wheel braking torque initiated by said electronic control unit.

The present invention relates to a microfluidic test device for detecting or quantifying an analyte in a test sample. The device includes a non-absorbent substrate having at least one microchannel imbedded in the substrate, a non-specific capture device, and one or more stationary mixing structures extending into the at least one microchannel. The present invention also relates to relates to various methods of using the microfluidic test device to detect or quantify an analyte in a test sample. The present invention also relates to a microfluidic device that includes a non-absorbent substrate having at least one microchannel imbedded in the substrate and one or more stationary mixing structures extending into the at least one microchannel.

A two stage clutch and shift actuation paddle assembly provides clutch disengagement through a first range of movement of a manually operated control lever or paddle and electronic shifting of a transmission upon movement through a second range. A return spring force generator causes a lower return force to be exerted on the generator paddle in a range of motion wherein the clutch is disengaged and a pronounced increased spring force to be exerted in advanced range of motion wherein the transmission shift actuation occurs.

A reveal substrate includes a sensitive substrate having an opaque polymer sensitive to application of one of heat and pressure which upon one of being heated to a predetermined temperature and subjected to a predetermined pressure causes the opaque polymer to become transparent and a color material disposed in relation to the substrate in a manner to be obscured by the opaque polymer prior to one of the application of the predetermined heat and the predetermined pressure and is revealed subsequent thereto. A method of printing employing the reveal substrate is also provided.

An electropneumatic central unit for a commercial vehicle is made up of modules with electrical and/or pneumatic components. The individual modules are arranged in module housings detachably connected to each other in a defined position, on which standard pneumatic connectors and electrical connectors are arranged such that, on connection of the module housings, corresponding connectors, arranged on opposing connection surfaces of the module housings, form direct mutual electrical and pneumatic connections.