The invention relates to the technical field of tempered glass transportation, in particular to a tempered glass transportation device with an anti-fragmentation structure, which comprises a bottom plate, universal wheels are mounted on the periphery of the lower end of the bottom plate, a towing rod is mounted on the right side of the bottom plate, sleeve plates are fixedly mounted on the left and right groups of the bottom plate, and a gear is connected to one side, away from a pressing rod, of a second connecting plate. A clamping plate is connected to the side, away from the second connecting plate, of the gear, a sliding block is fixedly mounted on the side, away from the gear, of the clamping plate, a button is arranged at the top end of the clamping plate, and a cover plate is mounted at the top end of the mounting frame. According to the transportation device, first springs and a buffer plate are arranged, when a vehicle bumps, the first springs and the buffer plate generate elastic deformation, a certain buffer space can be provided between the bottom plate and the bearing plate through mutual cooperation of a connecting sleeve, a connecting rod and a bearing rod, and therefore the bump amplitude of the transport device is effectively reduced, and the toughened glass is buffered and protected.