This invention relates to a surface
ecological monitoring device and method based on a
surface filter, comprising a
surface filter body and a monitoring mechanism. The filter body includes a
barrel-shaped floating frame fixed by a
shore-based support. A filter
barrel is elastically connected within the frame. A bottom-driven pump provides intermittent negative pressure, causing the filter
barrel to float back and forth. A guide plate, level with the water surface, is located at the end of the floating frame. The monitoring mechanism includes a vision
assembly and a computing unit. The vision
assembly is positioned above the floating frame, and its support section has a circular array of several monitoring units. Each unit includes a supplementary lighting panel (light-emitting component) and a
vision sensor (vision component) located in its center facing the water surface. A reflective section is provided on the surface of the guide plate, allowing the supplementary light to penetrate the water surface and be reflected to the vision component. The computing unit includes an image
temporary storage unit, a standard data storage unit, and a comparison calculation unit. The
temporary storage unit stores visual images at unit intervals, and the comparison calculation unit extracts images, compares them with standard data, and outputs the results.