The invention discloses a tongue image multi-label classification learning method based on a graph convolution network, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out the tongue body detection of an original image, and obtaining a tongue body image through extraction; S2, performing image preprocessing on the tongue body image extracted in the step S1, wherein the preprocessing comprises reflection point removing processing, sharpening processing and straightening processing; S3, for each label, performing semi-automatic labeling on the preprocessed tongue body image to obtaina large-sample multi-label data set; and S4, training and inferring the large-sample multi-label data set obtained in the step S3 by using a graph convolution network to obtain a tongue body multi-label classification model based on the graph convolution network. According to the invention, the plurality of tags of the tongue image are classified and diagnosed at the same time through one graph convolution network, and the dependency relationship among the tags is fully learned, so that the tongue diagnosis process of the machine becomes more efficient and accurate.